If you’ve recently graduated from school and are at a crossroads in the start of your career Teaching English in Japan might be worth looking into. Believe it or not the English language learning industry is a multi-billion dollar one that employs over 65,000 ESL teachers.
What’s Needed to Teach
In order to get a job teaching English in Japan, you will need to be a college graduate from any field – (sorry but 2 year degrees won’t cut it.) You pretty much also need to speak English at native level fluency. There are some that do find teaching jobs in Japan even though English is not their first language but this is more an exception to the rule.
You’ll also need a working visa in order to work legally in the country. Most employers will take care of this for you. Working visas are good for one year with extensions being from 1 to 3 years for U.S. citizens.
Another very helpful trait is an interest in Japanese culture. When you fly 10,000 miles east things get pretty different pretty fast. So having a desire to experience Japanese culture is helpful. Not from the standpoint of getting a job but from the standpoint of enjoying the experience. Those who don’t have a natural curiosity or desire to experience Japanese culture usually don’t last that long.
What Isn’t Required
Contrary to what many believe a TESL or TEFL certificate is not required in order to teach. Although it does help getting higher paying jobs. The majority of the large recruiters, the ones that have recruitment centers all over the world, don’t require TESL certification.
Also because these large recruiters pay the minimum wage of 250,000 yen per month (roughly $2100 U.S.) they also don’t require much teaching experience. In fact the bulk of this industry runs on recent grads.
General Information About Teaching English in Japan
Let’s start with money. You should expect a wage of at least 250.000 yen per month. This is a entry level salary for those with little or no experience. However be warned this won’t go that far in large cities like Tokyo or Osaka. You should expect a bit more to compensate for the cost of living factor in these large cities.
Large English schools like Nova, Aeon, Geos, Berlitz & ECC will also offer 2 weeks paid vacation and most national holiday off. Schools differ on which national holidays they observe but the norm is 8 to 10 per year.
Expect to work close to 40 hours per week. Each school is different but you can expect roughly 20 to 25 actual teaching hours per week with the rest being office hours. A typical teacher will work 5 days per week with Sunday and another weekday off. Teachers with seniority may get Saturdays and Sundays off. Typical office hours are filled by grading student work, taking class notes, preparing future lessons or just chatting with students. Most schools also will provide you with health insurance or subsidize it.
Larger chain schools, mentioned above, usually have a fixed curriculum. This means you’ll be using their in house texts, tapes and other support materials for teaching. For those who don’t have a lot
of teaching experience it’s a helpful in reducing stress (there already is quite a bit in adjusting to the culture and learning the language etc.) Those who need to express their creativity in the lesson will probably find it stifling.
Students who will be assigned to your class will probably be of all ages. Literally from 5 to 6 year olds up to 75 and 76 year olds. Some schools deal specifically with children or adults but because of the competitiveness of this industry, most schools cater to all ages. Student wise, you can expect a healthy dose of children and young professionals like office ladies and salary men as they’re called to make up the bulk of who you teach.
Most of your large chain schools will provide you with some type of accommodations. This is a very big help as it’s difficult to find accommodations on your own without the help of a Japanese national. Not to mention being very expensive. Although the type provided will vary expect things to be on the small side.
Teaching English in Japan surely is an experience best taken with an open mind. For those with an interest in Japanese culture it surely can be one of the most enjoyable and lucrative ways to experience Japan.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Teach-English-in-Japan/15184
Wednesday, February 21, 2007
Guide To Buying Language Translation Services
For many people, buying translation services can be a frustrating experience. We have summarized key points to clarify issues faced when procuring translation services. These tips are based on suggestions from the Institute of Translation and Interpreting in London .
1. Does it really need to be translated? Many times clients request translation of large documents. After careful consideration, perhaps only a portion of your large document needs translation. You may be able to trim hundreds of pages and thousands of dollars from your budget if you translate only relevant sections of the source document or produce shorter versions of your original document.
2. A picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes maps, drawings, and diagrams are far more effective than verbosity so use text only when you must.
3. Think "international" from the start. Avoid cultural clichés within your text and imagery that might be relevant to only one culture. These only yield lengthy translated wordplays to keep the local flavor but check with your international team.
4. Should you use a translation company or a freelance translator? Both a freelance translator and a translation company can be appropriate. Companies will generally charge more because of the teamwork, added value of project management, quality control, file conversions, and standardized presentations for multilingual projects. This team's price ultimately can save you hours of work.
5. Translators may produce accurate yet not polished translations; something called "for information" translations. They generally can be produced faster and more cheaply than "for publication translations." Some translators and translation companies routinely supply "for information" translation as standard work rather than a "for publication" job. To avoid confusion, clarify what you prefer with your translation service. Learn more in our quality options article.
6. Resist the temptation to do it yourself. Speaking is not the same as writing. Oral fluency does not make smooth, stylish writing. Further, in many cultures, the incorrect use of the local language -especially by a native English speaker-- is not amusing; it is insulting.
7. Finalize your document before translating it. Writing a document and translating it simultaneously is not a wise idea. The time spent editing and revising the translation work greatly increases your translation cost.
8. Tell your translator the purpose of the translation. He or she then will be able to prepare the document for maximum impact with your intended audience.
9. Professional translators will work into their native language. Make sure you are speaking your readers' language. No one is more qualified to ensure this than a native speaker.
10. The more technical your subject, the more important your translator knows it inside out. Technical translations require translator knowledge of the subject matter, the source language, and good writing skills in the target language as well as good understanding of the source language.
11. Have your translation provider proofread the typeset copy. Typesetters are not responsible for accurate and proper text. Good translation practices include a final proof from the translator.
12. Take into account that typographical conventions vary from one language to another. Countries have different typographical conventions, even when they speak the same language. If you need to localize text for a specific country, make sure you are following that country's conventions. For example, numbers are divided into thousands by a comma or a period.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Guide-To-Buying-Language-Translation-Services/17899
1. Does it really need to be translated? Many times clients request translation of large documents. After careful consideration, perhaps only a portion of your large document needs translation. You may be able to trim hundreds of pages and thousands of dollars from your budget if you translate only relevant sections of the source document or produce shorter versions of your original document.
2. A picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes maps, drawings, and diagrams are far more effective than verbosity so use text only when you must.
3. Think "international" from the start. Avoid cultural clichés within your text and imagery that might be relevant to only one culture. These only yield lengthy translated wordplays to keep the local flavor but check with your international team.
4. Should you use a translation company or a freelance translator? Both a freelance translator and a translation company can be appropriate. Companies will generally charge more because of the teamwork, added value of project management, quality control, file conversions, and standardized presentations for multilingual projects. This team's price ultimately can save you hours of work.
5. Translators may produce accurate yet not polished translations; something called "for information" translations. They generally can be produced faster and more cheaply than "for publication translations." Some translators and translation companies routinely supply "for information" translation as standard work rather than a "for publication" job. To avoid confusion, clarify what you prefer with your translation service. Learn more in our quality options article.
6. Resist the temptation to do it yourself. Speaking is not the same as writing. Oral fluency does not make smooth, stylish writing. Further, in many cultures, the incorrect use of the local language -especially by a native English speaker-- is not amusing; it is insulting.
7. Finalize your document before translating it. Writing a document and translating it simultaneously is not a wise idea. The time spent editing and revising the translation work greatly increases your translation cost.
8. Tell your translator the purpose of the translation. He or she then will be able to prepare the document for maximum impact with your intended audience.
9. Professional translators will work into their native language. Make sure you are speaking your readers' language. No one is more qualified to ensure this than a native speaker.
10. The more technical your subject, the more important your translator knows it inside out. Technical translations require translator knowledge of the subject matter, the source language, and good writing skills in the target language as well as good understanding of the source language.
11. Have your translation provider proofread the typeset copy. Typesetters are not responsible for accurate and proper text. Good translation practices include a final proof from the translator.
12. Take into account that typographical conventions vary from one language to another. Countries have different typographical conventions, even when they speak the same language. If you need to localize text for a specific country, make sure you are following that country's conventions. For example, numbers are divided into thousands by a comma or a period.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Guide-To-Buying-Language-Translation-Services/17899
Learn Spanish Online – Amazingly Simple
The invention of the internet has made everything easier right? You can now shop online, send letters, find information at the drop of a hat, even find your house in satellite pictures on Google Earth. However, you would of course think that as learning a language involves speaking, this is something you would not be able to do online. You would be wrong. If you type learn Spanish online into Google you get approximately 72 million results. Now as with anything else, I am sure most of these are useless but you see my point.
There are now many websites that allow you free access to conversation exercises and vocabulary drills among other things. My personal favorite is LearnSpanish.com. I am sure it is structured much like its competitors however when I find something I like I tend to stick with it. This site allows you access to an amazing amount of drills and exercises for free. It of course also has another more extensive version that you have to pay for as I am sure most of the websites do.
So you can very simply sit in front of your computer and commence your lessons. My one recommendation though, is that if you plan to learn Spanish online, do not do what I did and go to an internet café to do so. If you do not have a computer try to find a friend that will let you borrow a laptop or come to their house to study. Trust me when I say it is very difficult to do pronunciation drills with 20 people who all speak the language perfectly sitting around and looking at you like you have lost your mind.
Of course it is probably close to impossible to actually learn Spanish solely online as it is quite necessary to hear the pronunciation and practice with actual human beings in order to be able to carry on a conversation. However if you are looking for some base knowledge to work with the internet provides a wealth of possibilities.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learn-Spanish-Online---Amazingly-Simple/18104
There are now many websites that allow you free access to conversation exercises and vocabulary drills among other things. My personal favorite is LearnSpanish.com. I am sure it is structured much like its competitors however when I find something I like I tend to stick with it. This site allows you access to an amazing amount of drills and exercises for free. It of course also has another more extensive version that you have to pay for as I am sure most of the websites do.
So you can very simply sit in front of your computer and commence your lessons. My one recommendation though, is that if you plan to learn Spanish online, do not do what I did and go to an internet café to do so. If you do not have a computer try to find a friend that will let you borrow a laptop or come to their house to study. Trust me when I say it is very difficult to do pronunciation drills with 20 people who all speak the language perfectly sitting around and looking at you like you have lost your mind.
Of course it is probably close to impossible to actually learn Spanish solely online as it is quite necessary to hear the pronunciation and practice with actual human beings in order to be able to carry on a conversation. However if you are looking for some base knowledge to work with the internet provides a wealth of possibilities.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learn-Spanish-Online---Amazingly-Simple/18104
Learn Spanish Words – It’s A Breeze
What are the first words learned when living in a foreign country? Well I can tell you when I started to learn Spanish words the first ones I picked up and began to use were the swear words. Why is that? Why do we focus on the negative aspects of a language first? The first thing we want to be able to do is yell at people and express our displeasure eloquently. Why do we not instead ask how to say something is amazing, or delicious, or fabulous? So to learn these important Spanish words the first thing we do when we get of the plane is make friends and ask them how to swear.
Well what about learning other Spanish words? Reading is a good way. Pick up the local newspaper and translate all the words you don’t know. This takes a long time and can be frustrating but is very effective. I have also found it helps to write down the words you learn to get a visual of them as you memorize them. It is a lot easier to remember a word when you know how it is spelled. You can figure out the pronunciation and remember it better than simply listening to your friend with the very strong Spanish accent say it and trying to imitate.
Unfortunately sometimes it seems like the more words you learn the more you don’t know. I constantly learn new Spanish words and think I can now say what I want until I try to formulate a sentence and realize there are 5 other words I need. It is a never-ending uphill battle to learn all I need.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learn-Spanish-Words---It-s-A-Breeze/18105
Well what about learning other Spanish words? Reading is a good way. Pick up the local newspaper and translate all the words you don’t know. This takes a long time and can be frustrating but is very effective. I have also found it helps to write down the words you learn to get a visual of them as you memorize them. It is a lot easier to remember a word when you know how it is spelled. You can figure out the pronunciation and remember it better than simply listening to your friend with the very strong Spanish accent say it and trying to imitate.
Unfortunately sometimes it seems like the more words you learn the more you don’t know. I constantly learn new Spanish words and think I can now say what I want until I try to formulate a sentence and realize there are 5 other words I need. It is a never-ending uphill battle to learn all I need.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learn-Spanish-Words---It-s-A-Breeze/18105
Learning How to Write in Chinese
What do you need to know before you start learning Chinese?
Before you begin to learn how to read and write Chinese, there is one thing you need to know, it is a very difficult language that will take years and years of dedicated hard work. If you have not had any experience with Chinese culture and calligraphy in the past, it can be difficult sometimes.
Chinese writing is very different from most other languages in the world. There are tens of thousands of characters that represent different words and you will have to memorize many of these words and learn how they are used grammatically in a sentence. It is a tall task so if you are planning on learning Chinese, be sure you are ready to invest the time required, it is not an overnight process.
The symbols used in Chinese language are very different from those in Western and Latin languages. There are relatively few patterns in the Chinese language compared to that of Spanish or English, and that is what makes it especially difficult to learn.
Unalike the French and Spanish languages, which use English letters with a few new symbols and minor changes to the American alphabet, such as accents and dots over certain vowels and other minor changes to characters, the Chinese language does not use any of the letters or shapes we are very familiar with. Hence, there is a lot of learning and memorizing that needs to be done in the initial phase of learning how to write in Chinese. Once you become more experienced with Chinese writing, you will be able to catch on quickly and learn new words and construct more complicated sentences quicker, but the first few months of memorizing symbols and how they are used in sentences can be very monotonous and tiring. This is the phase when many of those who attempt to learn Chinese, give up because of the sheer amount of work involved.
If you have a strong work ethic and are overall a hard worker that needs to learn how to write in Chinese or is just generally interested in the subject, make the attempt and be sure to stick with it and not give up right away. It is going to be very difficult to memorize the characters at first so be sure to anticipate that and remember that it will get easier once you become more familiar with the characters and how to construct proper sentences.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learning-How-to-Write-in-Chinese/29754
Before you begin to learn how to read and write Chinese, there is one thing you need to know, it is a very difficult language that will take years and years of dedicated hard work. If you have not had any experience with Chinese culture and calligraphy in the past, it can be difficult sometimes.
Chinese writing is very different from most other languages in the world. There are tens of thousands of characters that represent different words and you will have to memorize many of these words and learn how they are used grammatically in a sentence. It is a tall task so if you are planning on learning Chinese, be sure you are ready to invest the time required, it is not an overnight process.
The symbols used in Chinese language are very different from those in Western and Latin languages. There are relatively few patterns in the Chinese language compared to that of Spanish or English, and that is what makes it especially difficult to learn.
Unalike the French and Spanish languages, which use English letters with a few new symbols and minor changes to the American alphabet, such as accents and dots over certain vowels and other minor changes to characters, the Chinese language does not use any of the letters or shapes we are very familiar with. Hence, there is a lot of learning and memorizing that needs to be done in the initial phase of learning how to write in Chinese. Once you become more experienced with Chinese writing, you will be able to catch on quickly and learn new words and construct more complicated sentences quicker, but the first few months of memorizing symbols and how they are used in sentences can be very monotonous and tiring. This is the phase when many of those who attempt to learn Chinese, give up because of the sheer amount of work involved.
If you have a strong work ethic and are overall a hard worker that needs to learn how to write in Chinese or is just generally interested in the subject, make the attempt and be sure to stick with it and not give up right away. It is going to be very difficult to memorize the characters at first so be sure to anticipate that and remember that it will get easier once you become more familiar with the characters and how to construct proper sentences.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learning-How-to-Write-in-Chinese/29754
Learning Foreign Languages Online
In today’s competitive and evolving world, the importance of education has never been more important. People are now more aware of the continuing need to improve one’s self through adult learning. Due to factors such as time constraint, e-learning has quickly emerged as an alternative means of continuing education.
As globalization continues to be the trend these days, more and more people feel the need to learn at least one foreign language. Again, due to the fast-paced lives many lead today, online courses present a viable alternative to the traditional face to face, or classroom, language learning. The major advantage of learning foreign languages through e-learning is the convenience it presents to the learner. Materials can be made available anytime, anywhere. The learner can access modules at his own time and he work on his courses at his own pace.
Computer assisted language learning has been in existence for many years now. In fact, its roots can be traced back to the 1960s. This technique began with a simple drill and practice approach. As more pedagogical elements were introduced, computer assisted language learning evolved into a more interactive experience.
The question many people ask is just how effective is learning a foreign language online? The main difference between classroom learning and e-learning is the presence of a teacher. A good teacher recognizes the learning needs of the student. In addition to that, a good teacher recognizes the learning style of each individual student. He capitalizes on both factors and enhances learning through different techniques. Due to advances is many e-learning platforms, these factors have been taken into consideration. The learner’s needs and learning styles can now be dealt with accordingly.
Today’s e-learning platforms offer a wide range of approaches to suit each learner’s specific needs. Some platforms even make use of facilitators – human or otherwise – to encourage the student and enhance the learning process. When combined with the convenience of studying at one’s own pace, e-learning proves to be an effective way of learning a new language.
Studies show that more people prefer e-learning to the traditional classroom sessions. The flexibility the e-learning offers seems to be one of the major factors that students take into consideration. Some personalities react more positively to the online learning environment. One explanation is that the relative anonymity that this type of learning gives a student more confidence. Studies show that learning languages online seems to present a more relaxed learning atmosphere. It has been proven time and again that such a learning atmosphere does a lot in terms of enhancing the learning process. The student learns more and in a shorter span of time than normal. The student also tends to remember more of what he has learned.
Online foreign language learning also capitalizes on the amount and quality of information and resources that can be found on the Internet. E-learning programs take advantage of this situation, enhancing learning even more. So if you are seeking to learn a foreign language, whether for professional or personal reasons, online learning just might be the right choice for you.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learning-Foreign-Languages-Online/18273
As globalization continues to be the trend these days, more and more people feel the need to learn at least one foreign language. Again, due to the fast-paced lives many lead today, online courses present a viable alternative to the traditional face to face, or classroom, language learning. The major advantage of learning foreign languages through e-learning is the convenience it presents to the learner. Materials can be made available anytime, anywhere. The learner can access modules at his own time and he work on his courses at his own pace.
Computer assisted language learning has been in existence for many years now. In fact, its roots can be traced back to the 1960s. This technique began with a simple drill and practice approach. As more pedagogical elements were introduced, computer assisted language learning evolved into a more interactive experience.
The question many people ask is just how effective is learning a foreign language online? The main difference between classroom learning and e-learning is the presence of a teacher. A good teacher recognizes the learning needs of the student. In addition to that, a good teacher recognizes the learning style of each individual student. He capitalizes on both factors and enhances learning through different techniques. Due to advances is many e-learning platforms, these factors have been taken into consideration. The learner’s needs and learning styles can now be dealt with accordingly.
Today’s e-learning platforms offer a wide range of approaches to suit each learner’s specific needs. Some platforms even make use of facilitators – human or otherwise – to encourage the student and enhance the learning process. When combined with the convenience of studying at one’s own pace, e-learning proves to be an effective way of learning a new language.
Studies show that more people prefer e-learning to the traditional classroom sessions. The flexibility the e-learning offers seems to be one of the major factors that students take into consideration. Some personalities react more positively to the online learning environment. One explanation is that the relative anonymity that this type of learning gives a student more confidence. Studies show that learning languages online seems to present a more relaxed learning atmosphere. It has been proven time and again that such a learning atmosphere does a lot in terms of enhancing the learning process. The student learns more and in a shorter span of time than normal. The student also tends to remember more of what he has learned.
Online foreign language learning also capitalizes on the amount and quality of information and resources that can be found on the Internet. E-learning programs take advantage of this situation, enhancing learning even more. So if you are seeking to learn a foreign language, whether for professional or personal reasons, online learning just might be the right choice for you.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Learning-Foreign-Languages-Online/18273
Egyptian Language
Written records of the ancient Egyptian language have been dated from about 3200 BC. Egyptian is part of the Afro-Asiatic group of languages and is related to Berber and Semitic (languages such as Arabic, Amharic and Hebrew). The language survived until the 5th century AD in the form of Demotic and until the Middle Ages in the form of Coptic. Thus it had a lifespan of over four millennia. Egyptian is one of the oldest recorded languages known.
The national language of modern day Egypt is Egyptian Arabic, which gradually replaced Egyptian and its descendant, the Coptic language, as the language of daily life in the centuries after Egypt was conquered by Arab Muslims. Coptic is still used as a liturgical language in the Coptic Church.
Development of the language
Scholars group the Egyptian language into six major chronological divisions:
Archaic Egyptian (before 2600 BC)
Old Egyptian (2600 BC – 2000 BC)
Middle Egyptian (2000 BC – 1300 BC)
Late Egyptian (1300 BC – 700 BC)
Demotic (seventh century BC – fifth century AD)
Coptic (fourth – fourteenth century AD)
It should be noted that Egyptian writing in the form of label and signs has been dated to 3200 BC. These early texts are generally lumped together under the term "Archaic Egyptian."
In 1999, Archaeology Magazine reported that the earliest Egyptian Glyphs date back to 3400 BC which "...challenge the commonly held belief that early logographs, pictographic symbols representing a specific place, object, or quantity, first evolved into more complex phonetic symbols in Mesopotamia."
Old Egyptian was spoken for some 500 years from 2600 BC onwards. Middle Egyptian was spoken from about 2000 BC for a further 700 years when Late Egyptian made its appearance; Middle Egyptian did, however, survive until the first few centuries AD as a written language, similar to the use of Latin during the Middle Ages and that of Classical Arabic today. Demotic Egyptian first appears about 650 BC and survived as a spoken language until fifth century AD. Coptic Egyptian appeared in the fourth century AD and survived as a living language until the sixteenth century AD, when European scholars traveled to Egypt to learn it from native speakers during the Renaissance. It probably survived in the Egyptian countryside as a spoken language for several centuries after that. The Bohairic dialect of Coptic is still used by the Egyptian Christian Churches.
Old, Middle, and Late Egyptian were all written using hieroglyphs and hieratic. Demotic was written using a script derived from hieratic; its appearance is vaguely similar to modern Arabic script and is also written from right to left (although the two are not related). Coptic is written using the Coptic alphabet, a modified form of the Greek alphabet with a number of symbols borrowed from Demotic for sounds that did not occur in Ancient Greek.
Arabic gradually replaced spoken Coptic after the Arabian invasion in the seventh century, though Arabic was the language of the Muslim political administration soon thereafter.
Structure of the language
Egyptian is a fairly typical Afro-Asiatic language. At the heart of Egyptian vocabulary is a root of three consonants. Sometimes there were only two, for example /r'/ "sun" (where the apostrophe represents a voiced pharyngeal fricative); others, such as /nfr/, which means beautiful; and some could be as large as five /sxdxd/ "be upside-down". Vowels and other consonants were then added to this root in order to derive words, in the same way as Arabic, Hebrew, and other Afro-Asiatic languages do today. However, we do not know what these vowels would have been, since like other Afro-Asiatic languages, Egyptian does not write vowels; hence "ankh" could represent either "life", "to live" or "living". In transcription, "a", "i" and "u" all represent consonants; for example, the name Tutankhamen was written in Egyptian "twt 'nkh ymn" (the apostrophe represents a voiced pharyngeal fricative). Experts have assigned generic sounds to these values as a matter of convenience; however, this artificial pronunciation has often been mistaken for actual pronunciation.
Phonologically, Egyptian contrasted bilabial, labiodental, alveolar, palatal, velar, uvular, pharyngeal and glottal consonants, in a distribution rather similar to that of Arabic.
Egyptian's basic word order is Verb Subject Object; where we would write "the man opens the door", Egyptians would say "opens the man the door" (wn s a3)
Regarding morphology, Egyptian uses the so-called status constructus construction to combine two or more nouns, more or less like any Semitic language. With this construction, the first noun is sometimes changed - e.g. final -h in feminine nouns becomes -t. Example: mlkt shba "The Queen of Saba", the original form of mlkt being mlkh. The early stages of Egyptian possessed no articles, no words for "the" or "a"; later forms used the words /p3/, /t3/ and /n3/ for this purpose (where 3 represents a glottal stop.) Egyptian uses two grammatical genders, masculine and feminine, similarly to Romance languages and Irish Gaelic; it also uses three grammatical numbers: like many other Afro-Asiatic languages, it contrasts singular, dual and plural forms. When saying something like "the man is red", the word "red" (dšrt in Egyptian) acts as a predicative verb.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Egyptian-Language/18714
The national language of modern day Egypt is Egyptian Arabic, which gradually replaced Egyptian and its descendant, the Coptic language, as the language of daily life in the centuries after Egypt was conquered by Arab Muslims. Coptic is still used as a liturgical language in the Coptic Church.
Development of the language
Scholars group the Egyptian language into six major chronological divisions:
Archaic Egyptian (before 2600 BC)
Old Egyptian (2600 BC – 2000 BC)
Middle Egyptian (2000 BC – 1300 BC)
Late Egyptian (1300 BC – 700 BC)
Demotic (seventh century BC – fifth century AD)
Coptic (fourth – fourteenth century AD)
It should be noted that Egyptian writing in the form of label and signs has been dated to 3200 BC. These early texts are generally lumped together under the term "Archaic Egyptian."
In 1999, Archaeology Magazine reported that the earliest Egyptian Glyphs date back to 3400 BC which "...challenge the commonly held belief that early logographs, pictographic symbols representing a specific place, object, or quantity, first evolved into more complex phonetic symbols in Mesopotamia."
Old Egyptian was spoken for some 500 years from 2600 BC onwards. Middle Egyptian was spoken from about 2000 BC for a further 700 years when Late Egyptian made its appearance; Middle Egyptian did, however, survive until the first few centuries AD as a written language, similar to the use of Latin during the Middle Ages and that of Classical Arabic today. Demotic Egyptian first appears about 650 BC and survived as a spoken language until fifth century AD. Coptic Egyptian appeared in the fourth century AD and survived as a living language until the sixteenth century AD, when European scholars traveled to Egypt to learn it from native speakers during the Renaissance. It probably survived in the Egyptian countryside as a spoken language for several centuries after that. The Bohairic dialect of Coptic is still used by the Egyptian Christian Churches.
Old, Middle, and Late Egyptian were all written using hieroglyphs and hieratic. Demotic was written using a script derived from hieratic; its appearance is vaguely similar to modern Arabic script and is also written from right to left (although the two are not related). Coptic is written using the Coptic alphabet, a modified form of the Greek alphabet with a number of symbols borrowed from Demotic for sounds that did not occur in Ancient Greek.
Arabic gradually replaced spoken Coptic after the Arabian invasion in the seventh century, though Arabic was the language of the Muslim political administration soon thereafter.
Structure of the language
Egyptian is a fairly typical Afro-Asiatic language. At the heart of Egyptian vocabulary is a root of three consonants. Sometimes there were only two, for example /r'/ "sun" (where the apostrophe represents a voiced pharyngeal fricative); others, such as /nfr/, which means beautiful; and some could be as large as five /sxdxd/ "be upside-down". Vowels and other consonants were then added to this root in order to derive words, in the same way as Arabic, Hebrew, and other Afro-Asiatic languages do today. However, we do not know what these vowels would have been, since like other Afro-Asiatic languages, Egyptian does not write vowels; hence "ankh" could represent either "life", "to live" or "living". In transcription, "a", "i" and "u" all represent consonants; for example, the name Tutankhamen was written in Egyptian "twt 'nkh ymn" (the apostrophe represents a voiced pharyngeal fricative). Experts have assigned generic sounds to these values as a matter of convenience; however, this artificial pronunciation has often been mistaken for actual pronunciation.
Phonologically, Egyptian contrasted bilabial, labiodental, alveolar, palatal, velar, uvular, pharyngeal and glottal consonants, in a distribution rather similar to that of Arabic.
Egyptian's basic word order is Verb Subject Object; where we would write "the man opens the door", Egyptians would say "opens the man the door" (wn s a3)
Regarding morphology, Egyptian uses the so-called status constructus construction to combine two or more nouns, more or less like any Semitic language. With this construction, the first noun is sometimes changed - e.g. final -h in feminine nouns becomes -t. Example: mlkt shba "The Queen of Saba", the original form of mlkt being mlkh. The early stages of Egyptian possessed no articles, no words for "the" or "a"; later forms used the words /p3/, /t3/ and /n3/ for this purpose (where 3 represents a glottal stop.) Egyptian uses two grammatical genders, masculine and feminine, similarly to Romance languages and Irish Gaelic; it also uses three grammatical numbers: like many other Afro-Asiatic languages, it contrasts singular, dual and plural forms. When saying something like "the man is red", the word "red" (dšrt in Egyptian) acts as a predicative verb.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Egyptian-Language/18714
Lost in Translation Services? Make Your Presence Felt in the International Market
English is known as the global and universal language but if you go by stats then it is shocking to know that only 28% of the entire European population can read English. And this percentage falls comprehensively when you come to South America, the Middle East and Asia. Talking of the Middle East, getting through to people to sell or market your product is rather difficult since you have to reach out to them in their own language. It is in these areas where Arabic translation comes into play. Your communication strategy has to be so strong that you are able to capture the target audience with an ease. That’s why translation services especially from English to Arabic are catching up these days.
Despite the fact that English to Arabic translation is picking up there is an acute shortage of skilled translators. Translation is the best and trusted way to match the rapidly expanding market. And it is also the most cost effective method so it is wise to take full advantage of translation services so that you can take your business to places and it booms globally. According the latest research conducted by U. S. State Department it was stated that every year U. S. companies lose almost $50 billion mainly due to the less sales incurred due to poor translations.
It has been seen that majority of the companies run into trouble and face various problems with translation services that are incorrect or ethnically inappropriate especially when it comes to Arabic translation. Simultaneously there are highly skilled and professional translators who can convey your message effectively and also portray the high quality image of your products or services. Arabic translation, however, has come a long way and is soon set to boom. English to Arabic translations has influenced marketing messages and has also helped in keeping many a company away from legal difficulties. But the main question that pops up in the mind is from where one can get good translation service? This question stirs the mind and makes you get many sleepless nights.
Nowadays, there are various modes of translation but which one is more reliable. If you think computer-generated translation is best then you are absolutely wrong, since it would not hold water when it comes to translating from English to Arabic. Besides, Computer-generated translation is highly amateurish and less competent to the native speakers.
Now the only option you are left with is finding and hiring a reliable and a trustworthy translator who is versatile in translating from English to Arabic. This option is also very tough as the market is flooded with array of translators claiming to be the best. And your main aim is to single out the best one from the endless lot. But you shouldn’t forget that this is the era of electronics communication and finding the best translation service is not the hard nut to crack. It means you just have to hire translator located anywhere in the world and mail him or her translation matter. All the details can be either discussed via mail or even through a chat. And after all the initial conversation the translator is all set to work. But it has a drawback too that is for having an easy payment.
Hence it would be wise to hunt for a translator located either in your locality or in your country who can provide you with Arabic Translation. With the boom in translation services, now various translation service providers offer a free consultation and a free price proposal for the project. Apart from that it is wise to delve into the translator’s background and find out whether the translator has a sound knowledge about your business as well as the market trend. Try to go by word of mouth, which means, looking for the referred Arabic translators as this gives more authentic translated copy.
Try to choose a translator who can perform English to Arabic translation from the native country itself as this will only help you in return. Native translators are generally updated with the changes and development in the language. This helps them to maintain a certain quality of your project so that you reap maximum profits. Once everything is finalized, then, provide the translator enough time to work upon the project so that you are provided with a translation that is absolutely outstanding.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Lost-in-Translation-Services--Make-Your-Presence-Felt-in-the-International-Market/19676
Despite the fact that English to Arabic translation is picking up there is an acute shortage of skilled translators. Translation is the best and trusted way to match the rapidly expanding market. And it is also the most cost effective method so it is wise to take full advantage of translation services so that you can take your business to places and it booms globally. According the latest research conducted by U. S. State Department it was stated that every year U. S. companies lose almost $50 billion mainly due to the less sales incurred due to poor translations.
It has been seen that majority of the companies run into trouble and face various problems with translation services that are incorrect or ethnically inappropriate especially when it comes to Arabic translation. Simultaneously there are highly skilled and professional translators who can convey your message effectively and also portray the high quality image of your products or services. Arabic translation, however, has come a long way and is soon set to boom. English to Arabic translations has influenced marketing messages and has also helped in keeping many a company away from legal difficulties. But the main question that pops up in the mind is from where one can get good translation service? This question stirs the mind and makes you get many sleepless nights.
Nowadays, there are various modes of translation but which one is more reliable. If you think computer-generated translation is best then you are absolutely wrong, since it would not hold water when it comes to translating from English to Arabic. Besides, Computer-generated translation is highly amateurish and less competent to the native speakers.
Now the only option you are left with is finding and hiring a reliable and a trustworthy translator who is versatile in translating from English to Arabic. This option is also very tough as the market is flooded with array of translators claiming to be the best. And your main aim is to single out the best one from the endless lot. But you shouldn’t forget that this is the era of electronics communication and finding the best translation service is not the hard nut to crack. It means you just have to hire translator located anywhere in the world and mail him or her translation matter. All the details can be either discussed via mail or even through a chat. And after all the initial conversation the translator is all set to work. But it has a drawback too that is for having an easy payment.
Hence it would be wise to hunt for a translator located either in your locality or in your country who can provide you with Arabic Translation. With the boom in translation services, now various translation service providers offer a free consultation and a free price proposal for the project. Apart from that it is wise to delve into the translator’s background and find out whether the translator has a sound knowledge about your business as well as the market trend. Try to go by word of mouth, which means, looking for the referred Arabic translators as this gives more authentic translated copy.
Try to choose a translator who can perform English to Arabic translation from the native country itself as this will only help you in return. Native translators are generally updated with the changes and development in the language. This helps them to maintain a certain quality of your project so that you reap maximum profits. Once everything is finalized, then, provide the translator enough time to work upon the project so that you are provided with a translation that is absolutely outstanding.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Lost-in-Translation-Services--Make-Your-Presence-Felt-in-the-International-Market/19676
ESL and TEFL: Teaching English Grammar to Children through Games
One of the questions ESL and TEFL teachers are asking on forums the world over is: how can you teach grammar through games?
If you don’t want your class to glaze over with dictation, writing exercises and “Jimmy, would you please read paragraph 1,” then take heart! You’ll find you can teach everything you want with games, and the children remember it better to boot.
Here is a disarmingly simple game, which can be used for many purposes. Please note this particular game is for small groups of up to 20 children or so, and you need floor space. If you have more than 20 children, or no floor space then please see the resource box for games suited to your needs.
The players stand round in a circle with one player standing in the middle. Each player has a picture of an item, or a word flash card, except for the player in the middle. Call out two of the picture card items or words. The two players holding these cards have to change places without the person in the middle grabbing one of their spots. If the person in the middle manages to slip into the spot in the circle then the one left standing goes in the middle. The new person in the middle hands their flash card to the child taking their place in the circle.
If someone is stuck in the middle for two turns say, "All Change!” When the players hear this they must all change places, which gives the person in the middle a very good chance of joining the circle. Once everyone has had one go ask your class to pass their picture to the right, and take the one handed to them from the left. You can give them another go with the new picture.
Notice that only 2 children move at any one time (aside from when you say “All Change), which makes it easy to keep control.
How could you use this game in your language teaching? Firstly, you can use it to reinforce new vocabulary, secondly, for revision, thirdly to help spelling by playing the game with word flashcards instead of pictures, and fourthly, to practise a grammatical structure.
Let us say you want to teach the conditional tense and you start with “I would like”. Hand out pictures of food that your pupils already know. Call out “I would like bananas and pie”. The pupil with the bananas tries to change places with the pupil holding the pie without the person in the middle taking one of the spots in the circle. Continue until everyone has had a go, repeating the target structure each time. With a class that learns quickly you can also introduce the rest of the declension (he and she would like, etc.). You are now ready to proceed to a speaking game where your pupils use the target structure, as they will have heard it repeatedly by now. You can follow the speaking game up with a writing game, and hey presto your children can understand, say, read and write the new target structure.
Now what better way is there to teach grammar than that? You are teaching grammar by absorption and repetition, which is the way we learn our native tongue, and for children it is by far the best way to go.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/ESL-and-TEFL--Teaching-English-Grammar-to-Children-through-Games/24373
If you don’t want your class to glaze over with dictation, writing exercises and “Jimmy, would you please read paragraph 1,” then take heart! You’ll find you can teach everything you want with games, and the children remember it better to boot.
Here is a disarmingly simple game, which can be used for many purposes. Please note this particular game is for small groups of up to 20 children or so, and you need floor space. If you have more than 20 children, or no floor space then please see the resource box for games suited to your needs.
The players stand round in a circle with one player standing in the middle. Each player has a picture of an item, or a word flash card, except for the player in the middle. Call out two of the picture card items or words. The two players holding these cards have to change places without the person in the middle grabbing one of their spots. If the person in the middle manages to slip into the spot in the circle then the one left standing goes in the middle. The new person in the middle hands their flash card to the child taking their place in the circle.
If someone is stuck in the middle for two turns say, "All Change!” When the players hear this they must all change places, which gives the person in the middle a very good chance of joining the circle. Once everyone has had one go ask your class to pass their picture to the right, and take the one handed to them from the left. You can give them another go with the new picture.
Notice that only 2 children move at any one time (aside from when you say “All Change), which makes it easy to keep control.
How could you use this game in your language teaching? Firstly, you can use it to reinforce new vocabulary, secondly, for revision, thirdly to help spelling by playing the game with word flashcards instead of pictures, and fourthly, to practise a grammatical structure.
Let us say you want to teach the conditional tense and you start with “I would like”. Hand out pictures of food that your pupils already know. Call out “I would like bananas and pie”. The pupil with the bananas tries to change places with the pupil holding the pie without the person in the middle taking one of the spots in the circle. Continue until everyone has had a go, repeating the target structure each time. With a class that learns quickly you can also introduce the rest of the declension (he and she would like, etc.). You are now ready to proceed to a speaking game where your pupils use the target structure, as they will have heard it repeatedly by now. You can follow the speaking game up with a writing game, and hey presto your children can understand, say, read and write the new target structure.
Now what better way is there to teach grammar than that? You are teaching grammar by absorption and repetition, which is the way we learn our native tongue, and for children it is by far the best way to go.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/ESL-and-TEFL--Teaching-English-Grammar-to-Children-through-Games/24373
Are the Best Spanish Courses in Spain
If you’re seriously up for learning Spanish, for whatever reason – maybe for school or work, or just because you’ve always wanted to learn the language, taking your courses in Spain is something that you just might want to consider, if you’re completely sincere about education!
Think about this:
When you learn to swim, do you sit in a classroom with 20 others potential swimmers, taught by a former Olympic silver-medallist in the breaststroke, or do you head to the nearest pool and jump on in with the most qualified instructor available? You’d probably agree that you would learn to swim much faster if you were in a pool with a trained teacher than in a classroom environment, no matter how capable the lecturer is. Why? Because of the environment you’re in- if you want to swim, you head to the pool!
And what about driving a car? Most states require some sort of driver’s training course, like Driver’s Ed, before you can take the test for your license. Through this course, you need a certain number of classroom hours as well as actual “on the road time”. In the classroom, you will learn all of the technical terms, right-of-ways, etc, but you won’t be able to put all that you’ve learned to the test until you’re out on the road. In fact, most successful drivers will tell you that you don’t really learn to drive until after you get your license. Why not? Because all of the classroom experience in the world will not prepare you for driving on the real highways and byways of the world.
To truly get the feel for learning your language of choice, whether it’s new to you, or you’ve been studying it for sometime, taking courses in the country of origin will yield the best results. Why? Because not only are you going to learn the language, you will get the chance to speak and hear it on a daily basis as it was meant to be, direct from the source, complete with the appropriate accents and dialect from your chosen language and country of choice, in this case, learning to speak Spanish in Spain.
In addition to the most amazing courses, there are dozens of different activities that are sure to make your adventure in Spain like none other- completely one of its kind and sure to be etched in your mind forever. Some of the better language specialty schools in Spain have planned trips to the cinema and sporting events, excursions to the cities of Barcelona and Madrid, as well as countless other events, all geared towards your desire to learn Spanish straight from its source- in Spain
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Are-the-Best-Spanish-Courses-in-Spain-/25629
Think about this:
When you learn to swim, do you sit in a classroom with 20 others potential swimmers, taught by a former Olympic silver-medallist in the breaststroke, or do you head to the nearest pool and jump on in with the most qualified instructor available? You’d probably agree that you would learn to swim much faster if you were in a pool with a trained teacher than in a classroom environment, no matter how capable the lecturer is. Why? Because of the environment you’re in- if you want to swim, you head to the pool!
And what about driving a car? Most states require some sort of driver’s training course, like Driver’s Ed, before you can take the test for your license. Through this course, you need a certain number of classroom hours as well as actual “on the road time”. In the classroom, you will learn all of the technical terms, right-of-ways, etc, but you won’t be able to put all that you’ve learned to the test until you’re out on the road. In fact, most successful drivers will tell you that you don’t really learn to drive until after you get your license. Why not? Because all of the classroom experience in the world will not prepare you for driving on the real highways and byways of the world.
To truly get the feel for learning your language of choice, whether it’s new to you, or you’ve been studying it for sometime, taking courses in the country of origin will yield the best results. Why? Because not only are you going to learn the language, you will get the chance to speak and hear it on a daily basis as it was meant to be, direct from the source, complete with the appropriate accents and dialect from your chosen language and country of choice, in this case, learning to speak Spanish in Spain.
In addition to the most amazing courses, there are dozens of different activities that are sure to make your adventure in Spain like none other- completely one of its kind and sure to be etched in your mind forever. Some of the better language specialty schools in Spain have planned trips to the cinema and sporting events, excursions to the cities of Barcelona and Madrid, as well as countless other events, all geared towards your desire to learn Spanish straight from its source- in Spain
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Are-the-Best-Spanish-Courses-in-Spain-/25629
Four Reasons To Learn German
What A German Language School Can Do For You
German is not always the first choice for people looking to learn a foreign language. But maybe it should be. German is spoken by more than 100 million people in 38 countries around the world. Most of the world's German speakers are in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, but there are also significant numbers of German speakers in the United States and South America. That's a lot of German speakers, and a lot of reasons to learn German. Here are five reasons to consider attending a German language school.
1. Learn German For Business
Germany is the third largest industrial nation in the world and a major exporter. Learning German will help business people to improve their prospects of doing business in German-speaking countries. And while it may be true that many Germans speak English as well as, if not better than, many native English speakers, those who learn German will have the advantage of understanding what is said in its original context. Many German language schools offer classes specifically designed to help business people learn German. These include classes dealing with speaking on the telephone, negotiations and presentations.
2. Learn German For Travel
In addition to the three major European countries where German is a native language, German is a second language for many countries across Eastern Europe. Those planning to travel in Romania, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Russia or Kazakhstan may find it useful to learn German to communicate in those regions. There are many websites that offer free language lessons to help travelers learn basic German phrases. However, for a more intensive course, travelers could learn German in Berlin or another part of Germany.
3. Learn German For Tourism
With three major language centers and many other German-speaking regions, German is a key language for those seeking to work in the tourist industry. Some German language schools offer courses aimed at professionals in different industries which will also help those in the tourist trade. This is key not just for those planning to work within Germany, but for those planning to work with the millions of German-speaking tourists who travel the globe each year.
4. Learn About German Culture
German culture is more than beer and lederhosen. Germany has a rich cultural heritage. Many great thinkers, such as Freud and Einstein, were German. Many of the most respected classical composers came from Germany. There is a lot to do in Germany, from exploring towns with a centuries-old history to seeing the wonders of modern engineering technology. Those who study in Germany will find that this gives an inside view of many aspects of German culture.
Where Should I Learn German?
Although there are plenty of German classes available in most countries, a good option is to study in Germany at a German language school. This means that students will learn by immersion, hearing German spoken both inside and outside the classroom. This is a good way to learn German fast and correctly. There are German language schools around the country. One option is to study in Berlin. Not only does Berlin have many universities and educational institutions, but it also has a rich cultural history and many sights to see. This makes study in Berlin a good option for learning German.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Four-Reasons-To-Learn-German/26952
German is not always the first choice for people looking to learn a foreign language. But maybe it should be. German is spoken by more than 100 million people in 38 countries around the world. Most of the world's German speakers are in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, but there are also significant numbers of German speakers in the United States and South America. That's a lot of German speakers, and a lot of reasons to learn German. Here are five reasons to consider attending a German language school.
1. Learn German For Business
Germany is the third largest industrial nation in the world and a major exporter. Learning German will help business people to improve their prospects of doing business in German-speaking countries. And while it may be true that many Germans speak English as well as, if not better than, many native English speakers, those who learn German will have the advantage of understanding what is said in its original context. Many German language schools offer classes specifically designed to help business people learn German. These include classes dealing with speaking on the telephone, negotiations and presentations.
2. Learn German For Travel
In addition to the three major European countries where German is a native language, German is a second language for many countries across Eastern Europe. Those planning to travel in Romania, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Russia or Kazakhstan may find it useful to learn German to communicate in those regions. There are many websites that offer free language lessons to help travelers learn basic German phrases. However, for a more intensive course, travelers could learn German in Berlin or another part of Germany.
3. Learn German For Tourism
With three major language centers and many other German-speaking regions, German is a key language for those seeking to work in the tourist industry. Some German language schools offer courses aimed at professionals in different industries which will also help those in the tourist trade. This is key not just for those planning to work within Germany, but for those planning to work with the millions of German-speaking tourists who travel the globe each year.
4. Learn About German Culture
German culture is more than beer and lederhosen. Germany has a rich cultural heritage. Many great thinkers, such as Freud and Einstein, were German. Many of the most respected classical composers came from Germany. There is a lot to do in Germany, from exploring towns with a centuries-old history to seeing the wonders of modern engineering technology. Those who study in Germany will find that this gives an inside view of many aspects of German culture.
Where Should I Learn German?
Although there are plenty of German classes available in most countries, a good option is to study in Germany at a German language school. This means that students will learn by immersion, hearing German spoken both inside and outside the classroom. This is a good way to learn German fast and correctly. There are German language schools around the country. One option is to study in Berlin. Not only does Berlin have many universities and educational institutions, but it also has a rich cultural history and many sights to see. This makes study in Berlin a good option for learning German.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/Four-Reasons-To-Learn-German/26952
TESOL a guide towards a Teaching English career
TESOL is the abbreviated form of an internationally acknowledged diploma course. The full form is Teaching English To Speakers of Other Languages. This degree will enable you to become a teacher to the mass whose native tongue is not English. This course will train you in the basic approaches; prime teaching methods and learning techniques to teach English effectively to foreign pupils with diverse student profiles and dissimilar requirements.
TEFL and TESOL
The acronyms TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) and TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) can often be confusing. Both terms are used interchangeably and effectively mean the same thing. In both cases, the aim is teaching English to those whose first language is not English, worldwide.
A TESOL Qualification adds to your worth
Most countries consider a TESOL certification a pre-requisite to securing a job as a teacher in the English language.
The TESOL training program familiarizes you with systematic lesson plans, effective classroom management and efficient teaching techniques.
Your fundamental knowledge of the language and grammar skills is further strengthened before facing a classroom of learners.
The program brings out your best teaching skills, and the training imparted gives you hands on teaching experience.
There is a great demand worldwide for TESOL teachers and this opens a whole new vista of career opportunities.
Teaching Prospects after TESOL
Many primary schools, high schools, colleges and universities require qualified English language instructor. Having a TESOL certificate can brighten up your prospect as an English teacher around the globe.
The best career option for a new TESOL pass out is in the domain of a private school where you can teach both grown ups and kids usually through conversation.
You may even get lucky as a teacher in a business house. Here you only have to toil for one to two hours each week.
Private tuition is another option if you can set up a group of students. Here you have to interact with your students directly.
The icing on the cake is that you can travel and see the world while you earn. The countries that you can visit and teach English with your TESOL qualification include Japan, Vietnam, South Korea , China, Hong Kong, Thailand and Taiwan in Asia; Turkey, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Poland in Europe; and Chile, Peru, Brazil and Argentina in South America, amongst others.
Other TESOL Advantages
The vital reward is your right to use the available information, seek aid and assistance even after finishing your graduation long ago. You are admitted to enter the worldwide job databases, seek information about recruitments, and look for guides to different countries and more. You can benefit from discussion forums, can share concepts and ideas or seek help through Internet chat rooms. You can make your classes better by downloading array of resources and ideas for ensuing lessons.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/TESOL-a--guide-towards-a-Teaching-English-career/27895
TEFL and TESOL
The acronyms TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) and TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) can often be confusing. Both terms are used interchangeably and effectively mean the same thing. In both cases, the aim is teaching English to those whose first language is not English, worldwide.
A TESOL Qualification adds to your worth
Most countries consider a TESOL certification a pre-requisite to securing a job as a teacher in the English language.
The TESOL training program familiarizes you with systematic lesson plans, effective classroom management and efficient teaching techniques.
Your fundamental knowledge of the language and grammar skills is further strengthened before facing a classroom of learners.
The program brings out your best teaching skills, and the training imparted gives you hands on teaching experience.
There is a great demand worldwide for TESOL teachers and this opens a whole new vista of career opportunities.
Teaching Prospects after TESOL
Many primary schools, high schools, colleges and universities require qualified English language instructor. Having a TESOL certificate can brighten up your prospect as an English teacher around the globe.
The best career option for a new TESOL pass out is in the domain of a private school where you can teach both grown ups and kids usually through conversation.
You may even get lucky as a teacher in a business house. Here you only have to toil for one to two hours each week.
Private tuition is another option if you can set up a group of students. Here you have to interact with your students directly.
The icing on the cake is that you can travel and see the world while you earn. The countries that you can visit and teach English with your TESOL qualification include Japan, Vietnam, South Korea , China, Hong Kong, Thailand and Taiwan in Asia; Turkey, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Poland in Europe; and Chile, Peru, Brazil and Argentina in South America, amongst others.
Other TESOL Advantages
The vital reward is your right to use the available information, seek aid and assistance even after finishing your graduation long ago. You are admitted to enter the worldwide job databases, seek information about recruitments, and look for guides to different countries and more. You can benefit from discussion forums, can share concepts and ideas or seek help through Internet chat rooms. You can make your classes better by downloading array of resources and ideas for ensuing lessons.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/TESOL-a--guide-towards-a-Teaching-English-career/27895
TOEFL Test and the Usefulness of Learning Vocabulary Words
TOEFL is the eligibility test to assess the English proficiency of nonnative English speakers. As TOEFL is focused to evaluate the English language, the ability to use the building blocks the language, the English vocabulary words will be in turn the main matter of judgment. The test is open to people in all countries and more than 110 countries have the test centers for TOEFL. It is considered as a universally accepted test, since most of the world countries; rely on TOEFL for the evaluation of the English fluency of the person. Now, clearance of TOEFL is a requirement to get admission to many of the foreign universities and work places. The usefulness of learning vocabulary words is that it will enhance the winning chance of the TOEFL vocabulary test.
TOEFL test is available in different test patterns; however, all the test pattern will primarily evaluate the vocabulary words strength of the person. The TOEFL test was available mainly in two forms, computer based and paper based. The both tests had only simple differences, but the scoring ranges are different. Now, the internet based TOEFL vocabulary tests, TOEFL ibt, has becoming popular which is presently available in some of the selected test centers. Future, the TOEFL exam will be completely based on the internet system. As the basic focus of all the type of tests is similar, the learning of vocabulary words inevitable to qualify TOEFL, irrespective of test pattern. The testimonials of the TOEFL cleared persons; prove the usefulness of learning vocabulary.
The TOEFL vocabulary test comprises of different sessions, to assess the proficiency of the person, in English. Generally, the test will have listening test, reading test, grammar test and the writing test. In computer based test, adaptive test, in which the questions are assorted according to the level of the client, is used. In the listening session, 30-50 questions will be asked that can narrate the listening capability of the person to understand the English, used in North American. The knowledge about the standard language pattern and the ability to distinguish the correct grammatical usage is assessed in the structure or grammar part of TOEFL exam. The reading test includes 44-55 questions, which is used for the evaluation about the recognition ability of the person, regarding the common styles of usage prevailing in English speaking countries. The writing of an essay is also the part of the exam, which proves the English language potentials of the person. However, the success in a pattern such as this, mainly depend on the vocabulary strength of the person, in English.
In brief, TOEFL is focused to evaluate the ability of the person to effectively communicate in the English speaking country, to perform his basic purpose, irrespective whether studying or working. The good scores in the TOEFL is essential since the scores of the TOEFL exam, has become a criteria for selection in well established institutions. Usually, a nonnative English speaker has to go through training sessions and practice tests to build up their skills in the English language, and particularly TOFEL vocabulary. The comprehensive TOEFL vocabulary training and online practice tests will help for the aspirants, to gain knowledge in English. The experts state that a strong training, which a focus on the usefulness of learning TOFEL vocabulary words will help the person to come out of the TOFL test in flying colors, which can be the stepping stone to the realization of your dreams.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/TOEFL-Test-and-the-Usefulness-of-Learning-Vocabulary-Words/28642
TOEFL test is available in different test patterns; however, all the test pattern will primarily evaluate the vocabulary words strength of the person. The TOEFL test was available mainly in two forms, computer based and paper based. The both tests had only simple differences, but the scoring ranges are different. Now, the internet based TOEFL vocabulary tests, TOEFL ibt, has becoming popular which is presently available in some of the selected test centers. Future, the TOEFL exam will be completely based on the internet system. As the basic focus of all the type of tests is similar, the learning of vocabulary words inevitable to qualify TOEFL, irrespective of test pattern. The testimonials of the TOEFL cleared persons; prove the usefulness of learning vocabulary.
The TOEFL vocabulary test comprises of different sessions, to assess the proficiency of the person, in English. Generally, the test will have listening test, reading test, grammar test and the writing test. In computer based test, adaptive test, in which the questions are assorted according to the level of the client, is used. In the listening session, 30-50 questions will be asked that can narrate the listening capability of the person to understand the English, used in North American. The knowledge about the standard language pattern and the ability to distinguish the correct grammatical usage is assessed in the structure or grammar part of TOEFL exam. The reading test includes 44-55 questions, which is used for the evaluation about the recognition ability of the person, regarding the common styles of usage prevailing in English speaking countries. The writing of an essay is also the part of the exam, which proves the English language potentials of the person. However, the success in a pattern such as this, mainly depend on the vocabulary strength of the person, in English.
In brief, TOEFL is focused to evaluate the ability of the person to effectively communicate in the English speaking country, to perform his basic purpose, irrespective whether studying or working. The good scores in the TOEFL is essential since the scores of the TOEFL exam, has become a criteria for selection in well established institutions. Usually, a nonnative English speaker has to go through training sessions and practice tests to build up their skills in the English language, and particularly TOFEL vocabulary. The comprehensive TOEFL vocabulary training and online practice tests will help for the aspirants, to gain knowledge in English. The experts state that a strong training, which a focus on the usefulness of learning TOFEL vocabulary words will help the person to come out of the TOFL test in flying colors, which can be the stepping stone to the realization of your dreams.
http://www.articlejoe.com/Article/TOEFL-Test-and-the-Usefulness-of-Learning-Vocabulary-Words/28642
Monday, February 19, 2007
How demanding are intensive week-end or summer courses
People of all ages find it easier to learn English or further study English language and literature through intensive week-end or summer courses. The thick unexciting books containing thousands of pages with grammar rules and explanations, vocabulary exercises, reading comprehension texts and many other grammar and vocabulary tests are no longer fashionable. Not even the online courses experience a constant assault from enthusiastic learners.
Naturally, we wonder why people want to study English only by taking intensive week-end or summer courses. And the answer is simple: not only that they learn English or improve their English in the shortest possible time, but they also have a lot of fun and extra leisure activities. Let’s take MovingOn courses for example, courses that have become more and more popular and trendy lately.
MovingOn courses provide a different way to study English or improve your foreign language skills by means of intensive weekend or week-long courses to be held in various locations throughout Spain, or intensive summer courses which take place in England, Scotland and Ireland. During the training stages, students are exposed to English all day long, and they are forbidden to use their native language. Moreover, those who break this rule will have to pay a fine, which will be shared between all the students later.
Throughout the day, students who want to study English intensively are involved in all sorts of activities, all conducted by qualified native English teachers. Such intensive courses guarantee their students daily 12 hours learning experiences. 12 hours of hard work, specialized classes, one to one, afternoon classes, and leisure activities such as golf, horse riding, or kayaking. After all, students can loosen up a little bit, as long as they do that in English!
Intensive courses attract people who want to learn English quickly and don’t have a lot of free time. For this particular reason, the teachers try to spend as much time as possible with their students. The students interested in taking intensive courses can be adults, business people, as well as young people 10 to 17 years old. The approach is different for all of these categories, to answer people’s needs and interest. Furthermore, students share their accommodation with the teachers, so they will have to use English at all times. Even during meals, because teachers will be sitting next to them. This way, students have their teachers at hand at all times and they can practice real situations in the presence of their teachers.
During the intensive training sessions, the daily structure varies slightly in order to answer all students’ interests and requests. The final goal is for students to enjoy their learning experience. Moreover, if students have a special interest in a particular area or field, let’s say marketing or veterinary science, special classes can be arranged, as long as the requirements have been submitted before starting the courses.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-demanding-are-intensive-week-end-or-summer-courses-/55357
Naturally, we wonder why people want to study English only by taking intensive week-end or summer courses. And the answer is simple: not only that they learn English or improve their English in the shortest possible time, but they also have a lot of fun and extra leisure activities. Let’s take MovingOn courses for example, courses that have become more and more popular and trendy lately.
MovingOn courses provide a different way to study English or improve your foreign language skills by means of intensive weekend or week-long courses to be held in various locations throughout Spain, or intensive summer courses which take place in England, Scotland and Ireland. During the training stages, students are exposed to English all day long, and they are forbidden to use their native language. Moreover, those who break this rule will have to pay a fine, which will be shared between all the students later.
Throughout the day, students who want to study English intensively are involved in all sorts of activities, all conducted by qualified native English teachers. Such intensive courses guarantee their students daily 12 hours learning experiences. 12 hours of hard work, specialized classes, one to one, afternoon classes, and leisure activities such as golf, horse riding, or kayaking. After all, students can loosen up a little bit, as long as they do that in English!
Intensive courses attract people who want to learn English quickly and don’t have a lot of free time. For this particular reason, the teachers try to spend as much time as possible with their students. The students interested in taking intensive courses can be adults, business people, as well as young people 10 to 17 years old. The approach is different for all of these categories, to answer people’s needs and interest. Furthermore, students share their accommodation with the teachers, so they will have to use English at all times. Even during meals, because teachers will be sitting next to them. This way, students have their teachers at hand at all times and they can practice real situations in the presence of their teachers.
During the intensive training sessions, the daily structure varies slightly in order to answer all students’ interests and requests. The final goal is for students to enjoy their learning experience. Moreover, if students have a special interest in a particular area or field, let’s say marketing or veterinary science, special classes can be arranged, as long as the requirements have been submitted before starting the courses.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-demanding-are-intensive-week-end-or-summer-courses-/55357
How to learn English
It is said that English language is difficult only in the first 25 years of study; after that, it’s piece of cake to learn English. If that were true, why do people try so much to study English? For a huge bunch of reasons, but one is recurrent in almost 99.9% of the answers: good or advanced knowledge of English is always a valuable asset in a person’s resume, which could sometimes make the difference.
That is why parents all over the world want their kids to learn English as early as possible in life, sometimes as early as nursery school age. That is why adults spent big money and hours on courses that would eventually help them study English and improve their speaking, writing, and communication skills, at least for what is largely known as business English or English for business purposes. Companies or corporations worldwide organize or send their employees to English language training sessions, so as to have solid ground in negotiating contracts with foreign partners and dealing with potential clients.
Basically, when you choose to study English, you need to clearly establish whether it is beginner, average or advanced level, business English or literary English, EFL or ESL (meaning, English as foreign language or English as secondary language). Consequently, courses, books and any other relevant materials need to be carefully chosen to help you learn English and meet your final expectations.
The truth is that millions of books offer English language courses, but they are all boring because of their structure. They all contain grammar rule explanations, vocabulary exercises, reading comprehension texts, pair work tasks and many other materials, considered useful by some of us. And still, most of the EFL/ESL books are missing something that is considered vital for students who want to learn English or master the English language: the necessary skills when you want to communicate with another person.
The focus on communication has become the core preoccupation for the modern teaching schools. Most of the people who want to study English are mainly concerned with acquiring enough basic vocabulary so that they can communicate with other native or EFL/ESL speakers. Moreover, they want to learn English quickly, because they don’t have much time to dedicate to this task.
Quick and efficient learning can only occur when there is a sincere interest in what you are doing, which makes your subconscious mind ready to learn English. There are so many unpleasant things in life that we need to cope with. Learning a foreign language should be quite the opposite. How can you learn English and have fun at the same time? Through a different course in which you will live and breathe English all day long with the experts from movingoncourses.com.
MovingOn Courses are very intensive English courses targeted to help people learn English at different levels and for different purposes: either intensive weekend courses or week-long courses in various locations throughout Spain, or intensive summer courses to be held in England, Scotland and Ireland. What makes MovingOn courses unique is the new learning technique used, based on 12 hours of English per day under the direct supervision of qualified native English teachers, daily trips with teachers and other special activities during which English is spoken all the time.
MovingOn classes, both for adults and children, are small sized, comprising a maximum of 8 students per teacher, but usually the average is 6 students per native English teacher, so that all students benefit from equal attention and constant guiding. Although the daily structure greatly varies, the training days have been designed to enjoy and motivate student in their learning experience.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-to-learn-English/55356
That is why parents all over the world want their kids to learn English as early as possible in life, sometimes as early as nursery school age. That is why adults spent big money and hours on courses that would eventually help them study English and improve their speaking, writing, and communication skills, at least for what is largely known as business English or English for business purposes. Companies or corporations worldwide organize or send their employees to English language training sessions, so as to have solid ground in negotiating contracts with foreign partners and dealing with potential clients.
Basically, when you choose to study English, you need to clearly establish whether it is beginner, average or advanced level, business English or literary English, EFL or ESL (meaning, English as foreign language or English as secondary language). Consequently, courses, books and any other relevant materials need to be carefully chosen to help you learn English and meet your final expectations.
The truth is that millions of books offer English language courses, but they are all boring because of their structure. They all contain grammar rule explanations, vocabulary exercises, reading comprehension texts, pair work tasks and many other materials, considered useful by some of us. And still, most of the EFL/ESL books are missing something that is considered vital for students who want to learn English or master the English language: the necessary skills when you want to communicate with another person.
The focus on communication has become the core preoccupation for the modern teaching schools. Most of the people who want to study English are mainly concerned with acquiring enough basic vocabulary so that they can communicate with other native or EFL/ESL speakers. Moreover, they want to learn English quickly, because they don’t have much time to dedicate to this task.
Quick and efficient learning can only occur when there is a sincere interest in what you are doing, which makes your subconscious mind ready to learn English. There are so many unpleasant things in life that we need to cope with. Learning a foreign language should be quite the opposite. How can you learn English and have fun at the same time? Through a different course in which you will live and breathe English all day long with the experts from movingoncourses.com.
MovingOn Courses are very intensive English courses targeted to help people learn English at different levels and for different purposes: either intensive weekend courses or week-long courses in various locations throughout Spain, or intensive summer courses to be held in England, Scotland and Ireland. What makes MovingOn courses unique is the new learning technique used, based on 12 hours of English per day under the direct supervision of qualified native English teachers, daily trips with teachers and other special activities during which English is spoken all the time.
MovingOn classes, both for adults and children, are small sized, comprising a maximum of 8 students per teacher, but usually the average is 6 students per native English teacher, so that all students benefit from equal attention and constant guiding. Although the daily structure greatly varies, the training days have been designed to enjoy and motivate student in their learning experience.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-to-learn-English/55356
Learn & Use German Fillers
The German language has its own and many expressions and fillers. In German, words that are called particles or fillers are called Wörter. However, these words could get you really confused since each word is entirely different from the other. But the real tricky part here is that some of the Wörter could serve too many purposes in different ways and situations.
aber, auch, denn, doch, halt, mal, nur, schon and ja
Take for example the word schon. It could have a whole lot of different meanings at one point (depending on the use of the word in a sentence) and then it could mean nothing at all at other times. This is the reason why learning German has to be all about the basics and once you’ve already mastered them, you’re on your own however you choose to use the German language.
But for now, the German language could still be a huge maze for you. As an example for what we were discussing earlier, the German word schon could mean many things such as already, again, just, don’t worry or alright, ever etc. There are cases when there’s no need to translate the word schon to English. This is true with other Wörter of the German language because there are cases when a German word just don’t need to be translated to English or it’s found that it’s completely irrelevant to even include the word in the English translation.
There’s also the thing with English-German dictionary about particles or fillers. Dictionaries just don’t have a way of translating these words because of their idiomatic appeal but then again, if you know the German language very well, you’d know how to use these words in the correct timing.
Some German filler almost has the same equivalent with the English “you know” expression. So to clue you in further, these German Wörter can be said correctly in the right time. Try to master the functions of these fillers and you’ll sound like a natural German speaker in no time.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Learn---Use-German-Fillers/54929
aber, auch, denn, doch, halt, mal, nur, schon and ja
Take for example the word schon. It could have a whole lot of different meanings at one point (depending on the use of the word in a sentence) and then it could mean nothing at all at other times. This is the reason why learning German has to be all about the basics and once you’ve already mastered them, you’re on your own however you choose to use the German language.
But for now, the German language could still be a huge maze for you. As an example for what we were discussing earlier, the German word schon could mean many things such as already, again, just, don’t worry or alright, ever etc. There are cases when there’s no need to translate the word schon to English. This is true with other Wörter of the German language because there are cases when a German word just don’t need to be translated to English or it’s found that it’s completely irrelevant to even include the word in the English translation.
There’s also the thing with English-German dictionary about particles or fillers. Dictionaries just don’t have a way of translating these words because of their idiomatic appeal but then again, if you know the German language very well, you’d know how to use these words in the correct timing.
Some German filler almost has the same equivalent with the English “you know” expression. So to clue you in further, these German Wörter can be said correctly in the right time. Try to master the functions of these fillers and you’ll sound like a natural German speaker in no time.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Learn---Use-German-Fillers/54929
Learning Spanish Could Put You In Spotlight
The Spanish language is such an interesting language to learn since it can give you much new information to learn, pronunciations to adjust to and mistakes to be learned. Good news about mistakes or accidental errors is that they tend to let you stay on the right path all the way since it keeps you at bay from committing the same error again.
It’s always okay to commit language mistakes but do not allow yourself to do it again or at least, prevent yourself from making the same mistake because you’ll never know when it’s going to be the next time you might unconsciously fall prey on the same mistakes you did weeks or months ago. What else is that, a plain error, one Spanish word incorrectly used for the wrong purpose could get you in a great deal of embarrassment especially when you are talking to native Spanish speakers.
The thing is that, the Spanish speaking countries have similar words used for everyday conversation but could mean differently from each other. Assuming for the right words when you’re using it in the wrong places and people is one could be downright funny.
Words like cocino (fat pig) and cocinero (cook) could confuse you easily and letting it clumsily come out of your mouth in the wrong occasion could either get you in trouble (seriously). But fortunately, there hasn’t been any incident of a foreigner struck down by a native Spanish speaker just because of a language mix up.
There are more “false friends” in the Spanish language and similar to the example above, two almost similar words doesn’t have the same definition. For sure you know somebody who has accidentally used the wrong word for a good intention but ended with people laughing or staring weirdly at his face. But hey, that’s one lesson for sure which your or your friend will never forget
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Learning-Spanish-Could-Put-You-In-Spotlight/54623
It’s always okay to commit language mistakes but do not allow yourself to do it again or at least, prevent yourself from making the same mistake because you’ll never know when it’s going to be the next time you might unconsciously fall prey on the same mistakes you did weeks or months ago. What else is that, a plain error, one Spanish word incorrectly used for the wrong purpose could get you in a great deal of embarrassment especially when you are talking to native Spanish speakers.
The thing is that, the Spanish speaking countries have similar words used for everyday conversation but could mean differently from each other. Assuming for the right words when you’re using it in the wrong places and people is one could be downright funny.
Words like cocino (fat pig) and cocinero (cook) could confuse you easily and letting it clumsily come out of your mouth in the wrong occasion could either get you in trouble (seriously). But fortunately, there hasn’t been any incident of a foreigner struck down by a native Spanish speaker just because of a language mix up.
There are more “false friends” in the Spanish language and similar to the example above, two almost similar words doesn’t have the same definition. For sure you know somebody who has accidentally used the wrong word for a good intention but ended with people laughing or staring weirdly at his face. But hey, that’s one lesson for sure which your or your friend will never forget
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Learning-Spanish-Could-Put-You-In-Spotlight/54623
How To Learn Spanish Quickly Without Moving To Spain
Learning Spanish is a popular pastime, as well as a serious goal for many individuals. Whether it's for use in the workplace, on vacation, or just for a challenge, learning Spanish poses many fresh obstacles and gets the brain working like the way it used to. In fact, learning in later life has been proven to help preserve mental agility and awareness, as well as being a great, rewarding way to pass the time. But for those who need to learn in a hurry, what is the most effective way to quickly pick up the language?
Beyond any shadow of a doubt, the quickest way of learning a language is to move to the country concerned. But of course, not everyone wants to pack up and move to Spain. Aside from that, you have the options of teaching yourself, or paying for some professional help. If you decide to try to learn off your own back, you are more likely to take longer to get to grips with pronunciation and proper structure. Although you may have access to plenty of resources, it is significantly more useful to have a fully experienced professional point you in the right direction and monitor your performance.
Language classes are run in a variety of formats, although largely fall into two categories. The first main category is communal Spanish lessons. You'll find Spanish classes run at your local high school, or community center as part of some community education program. They are usually fairly cheap, and are an adequate way of picking up a language around a structured framework. Alternatively, the more effective category of home tuition is probably one of the most effective ways to quickly grasp the language. Expert one on one tuition from a fluent speaker is an excellent way to improve your language skills. Not only does it allow live interaction for you to give it a try, it also allows you to raise any sticking points as they arise, making the whole process more productive. Unfortunately, the downside is going to be paying for the private tuition. If you need to learn in a hurry, and don't mind paying someone a generous hourly rate, this may be the option for you.
Learning Spanish is never going to be easy, whichever approach you take. Having said that, by opting for close personal contact with a native or fluent speaker, you can pick up the language as quickly as possible, and you should see a marked improvement in a very short period of time.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-To-Learn-Spanish-Quickly-Without-Moving-To-Spain/49058
Beyond any shadow of a doubt, the quickest way of learning a language is to move to the country concerned. But of course, not everyone wants to pack up and move to Spain. Aside from that, you have the options of teaching yourself, or paying for some professional help. If you decide to try to learn off your own back, you are more likely to take longer to get to grips with pronunciation and proper structure. Although you may have access to plenty of resources, it is significantly more useful to have a fully experienced professional point you in the right direction and monitor your performance.
Language classes are run in a variety of formats, although largely fall into two categories. The first main category is communal Spanish lessons. You'll find Spanish classes run at your local high school, or community center as part of some community education program. They are usually fairly cheap, and are an adequate way of picking up a language around a structured framework. Alternatively, the more effective category of home tuition is probably one of the most effective ways to quickly grasp the language. Expert one on one tuition from a fluent speaker is an excellent way to improve your language skills. Not only does it allow live interaction for you to give it a try, it also allows you to raise any sticking points as they arise, making the whole process more productive. Unfortunately, the downside is going to be paying for the private tuition. If you need to learn in a hurry, and don't mind paying someone a generous hourly rate, this may be the option for you.
Learning Spanish is never going to be easy, whichever approach you take. Having said that, by opting for close personal contact with a native or fluent speaker, you can pick up the language as quickly as possible, and you should see a marked improvement in a very short period of time.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-To-Learn-Spanish-Quickly-Without-Moving-To-Spain/49058
How To Communicate With International Email Friends
So you have been penpaling for sometime and want to have friends across the globe whose language you do not know. The chances still are they know a bit of your language, for instance English. A ray of hope here is that you and your penpal got a common ground, one language.
Penpaling has been accredited as an effective method of cross-cultural exchange especially for language learning. Your purpose of having a language penpal could be to learn a foreign language, improve your foreign language abilities, study foreign culture or simply have a penpal across the globe.
The essential ingredient to all the above motives is to have foreign language penpal and lots of patience. Whatever is your purpose, the crucial fact here is that you are not dealing with a friend who is well versed in your language and vice versa. So it has to be a mutual effort to understand and educate.
The manner in which you communicate with your penpal can be decided at the very outset, if the purpose is language exchange. Or the two of you may develop ways to write (e-mail) which results in workable communication.
Essentially these exchanges can be of the following forms. You could both communicate in each other’s language in an alternating manner. Or you could communicate in predominantly one language. Or the two can communicate in the language either is learning for the benefit of that penpal. You may at times also come across a situation when a native is well versed in English that then is your golden chance to pick up that foreign language.
When penpalling with a friend of different language, start with the basics that is try simple conversations. Simple conversations would imply comprehending what is being said rather than focusing on grammar or seeking cultural information. It could simply be saying-“Hello, I am fine how are you? Or what do you do? Or what does your day typical look like?”
Since your exchange is through e-mails, take your time and formulate short simple mails. May be you could choose to focus on one topic of discussion say-family, interest, hobbies. This would enable you to enhance your vocabulary, local expressions and lingo for that subject. Don’t get disgruntled with the pace and change your pal, remember it takes time to make friends!
Make efforts to teach your pal, encourage new exchanges and questioning. Do not hesitate to question an exchange you might not have understood. More or less the two of you are going to be at the same level of the other’s foreign language, so this challenge is going to be enjoyable.
If the purpose is to learn the language, involve friends with a varied group - different age, profession, backgrounds. www.mailfriends.nu is a penpals’ website where you would find friends from across the world, from different cultures, communicating in various language.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-To-Communicate-With-International-Email-Friends/39756
Penpaling has been accredited as an effective method of cross-cultural exchange especially for language learning. Your purpose of having a language penpal could be to learn a foreign language, improve your foreign language abilities, study foreign culture or simply have a penpal across the globe.
The essential ingredient to all the above motives is to have foreign language penpal and lots of patience. Whatever is your purpose, the crucial fact here is that you are not dealing with a friend who is well versed in your language and vice versa. So it has to be a mutual effort to understand and educate.
The manner in which you communicate with your penpal can be decided at the very outset, if the purpose is language exchange. Or the two of you may develop ways to write (e-mail) which results in workable communication.
Essentially these exchanges can be of the following forms. You could both communicate in each other’s language in an alternating manner. Or you could communicate in predominantly one language. Or the two can communicate in the language either is learning for the benefit of that penpal. You may at times also come across a situation when a native is well versed in English that then is your golden chance to pick up that foreign language.
When penpalling with a friend of different language, start with the basics that is try simple conversations. Simple conversations would imply comprehending what is being said rather than focusing on grammar or seeking cultural information. It could simply be saying-“Hello, I am fine how are you? Or what do you do? Or what does your day typical look like?”
Since your exchange is through e-mails, take your time and formulate short simple mails. May be you could choose to focus on one topic of discussion say-family, interest, hobbies. This would enable you to enhance your vocabulary, local expressions and lingo for that subject. Don’t get disgruntled with the pace and change your pal, remember it takes time to make friends!
Make efforts to teach your pal, encourage new exchanges and questioning. Do not hesitate to question an exchange you might not have understood. More or less the two of you are going to be at the same level of the other’s foreign language, so this challenge is going to be enjoyable.
If the purpose is to learn the language, involve friends with a varied group - different age, profession, backgrounds. www.mailfriends.nu is a penpals’ website where you would find friends from across the world, from different cultures, communicating in various language.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/How-To-Communicate-With-International-Email-Friends/39756
Simple Italian Memorization Method
Italian – the language of love and one of the most romantic languages known throughout the history. Wouldn’t it be great if you understood each romantic word that you hear from your Italian neighbor? Don’t think of expensive immersion to Italy. Think of other resources.
When we’re eager to learn something new, we tend to react impulsively with the first outcome of the lessons. We usually complain and whine about how hard the lesson is and how difficult for it to be remembered. The truth is, during the early stages of recognition, our minds work hyperactively. What else is that our memory stores the immediate information that interests us. So, the early stages of learning is important; once you have know what information it is about, you’re sure in remembering it. On the other hand, when we fail to remember important information, it’s our attention that failed us, not our memory.
A good way of remembering Italian words, especially when you think that it’s extremely hard to learn such interesting language is to give your full attention to it. Memorization requires your undivided attention. You may wonder why. Simply because after your mind absorbs what you need to know during the early stages of learning, that information never leaves your brain and it will stay there.
Let’s take a look at an example. A little boy uses skirts as track prints as he walks down the mouth of a lagoon in search for a marshmallow for food. As you picture the scene, try to remember the key words which is skirt from the English language and la gonna from the Italian vocabulary.
This method of memorization is called the Link-Word association technique. Of course you can still exercise your brain for memorization by listening to Italian words on movies but the learning process will really need an in-depth touch base for complete understanding. Try forming more scenes in your mind using other English and Italian words.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Simple-Italian-Memorization-Method/39745
When we’re eager to learn something new, we tend to react impulsively with the first outcome of the lessons. We usually complain and whine about how hard the lesson is and how difficult for it to be remembered. The truth is, during the early stages of recognition, our minds work hyperactively. What else is that our memory stores the immediate information that interests us. So, the early stages of learning is important; once you have know what information it is about, you’re sure in remembering it. On the other hand, when we fail to remember important information, it’s our attention that failed us, not our memory.
A good way of remembering Italian words, especially when you think that it’s extremely hard to learn such interesting language is to give your full attention to it. Memorization requires your undivided attention. You may wonder why. Simply because after your mind absorbs what you need to know during the early stages of learning, that information never leaves your brain and it will stay there.
Let’s take a look at an example. A little boy uses skirts as track prints as he walks down the mouth of a lagoon in search for a marshmallow for food. As you picture the scene, try to remember the key words which is skirt from the English language and la gonna from the Italian vocabulary.
This method of memorization is called the Link-Word association technique. Of course you can still exercise your brain for memorization by listening to Italian words on movies but the learning process will really need an in-depth touch base for complete understanding. Try forming more scenes in your mind using other English and Italian words.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Simple-Italian-Memorization-Method/39745
Translation Services Providers Tips
When speaking about the best quality translations possible, the most important thing is choosing the right translation company. Should you want to write the source copy yourself, in order to reduce your costs, there are some steps you must take in order to make sure your copy is translation-friendly and that the final foreign language version of your text will reach your standards.
The first thing you must do is to ensure that the source text is carefully proof-read before you submit it to a translation company for a quote. They cannot make a good translation out of such a source text, and if they do, the company will most certainly charge you more for the extra work they have put in! If a text does not make any sense in the source language, then almost surely it won't make sense in the target language either. The only option you have is to be clear, concise and be sure the text states exactly what you intended it to say!
Should you want to translate large technical manuals or lists of trade-specific words or phrases, it would be a good idea to provide glossaries or background reference material helps to make sure that your translation is written using the same terminology as used in previous documents. You see, consistency is always a thing to keep in mind!
Should you want the translated text to have a particular tone or style, you must make this clear when you commission your translation. If the translators have all the information about your target readership and intended message, the style you wish the text to have will be more likely to be achieved. So, when writing the source copy of any kind of text, you must think about all these issues. Otherwise, any changes you want done later will affect the price you will be charged with. Not to speak about the extra time it will take to redo the project! For instance, if your marketing department took a couple of weeks to develop a catchy five-word slogan, the translator will need time to find something that works equally well in the target language.
So, no matter what your translation needs may be, feel free to ask any professional translation provider about how the whole process really works. This is the best way to prepare yourself for the situations when you will have little time and energy to look into the translation business.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Translation-Services-Providers-Tips/38951
The first thing you must do is to ensure that the source text is carefully proof-read before you submit it to a translation company for a quote. They cannot make a good translation out of such a source text, and if they do, the company will most certainly charge you more for the extra work they have put in! If a text does not make any sense in the source language, then almost surely it won't make sense in the target language either. The only option you have is to be clear, concise and be sure the text states exactly what you intended it to say!
Should you want to translate large technical manuals or lists of trade-specific words or phrases, it would be a good idea to provide glossaries or background reference material helps to make sure that your translation is written using the same terminology as used in previous documents. You see, consistency is always a thing to keep in mind!
Should you want the translated text to have a particular tone or style, you must make this clear when you commission your translation. If the translators have all the information about your target readership and intended message, the style you wish the text to have will be more likely to be achieved. So, when writing the source copy of any kind of text, you must think about all these issues. Otherwise, any changes you want done later will affect the price you will be charged with. Not to speak about the extra time it will take to redo the project! For instance, if your marketing department took a couple of weeks to develop a catchy five-word slogan, the translator will need time to find something that works equally well in the target language.
So, no matter what your translation needs may be, feel free to ask any professional translation provider about how the whole process really works. This is the best way to prepare yourself for the situations when you will have little time and energy to look into the translation business.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Translation-Services-Providers-Tips/38951
Learn The Italian Language With Ease
Pasta, Ti Amo, Prego are three words from Italy. Italy’s language is called Italian and learning this language is more like reading every English syllables of every word. The Italian language is fairly easy to understand and learn since some words can be recognized easily the moment it is mentioned. Some Italian words are even used now by millions of people across the globe.
Interested to learn the Italian language? If you are, good for you then. Learning another language other than a person’s mother tongue helps enhance a person’s memory capabilities and thinking skills. Unfortunately, many people give up too early by the minute they go through Lesson One of their Italian books or Audio materials. This shouldn’t be the case since learning is not an easy and quick process. Surely you didn’t graduate from high school without going through all the required subjects and passing grades right? Why learning a foreign language is any different?
Still, we can’t ignore the fact that not everyone is willing to sit down and read Italian books. The good thing about this century is that millions of people can access whatever information they want by using the Internet. This is where the good stuff comes from too. If you are a busy person who can’t spare time in going to universities to learn a foreign language or even immerse yourself on another country, search for foreign language learning programs from the internet.
Another thing, you need not to stick to old memorization techniques like repetition since your memory will most likely fail you with this type of method. What you can do instead is to carry around a picture dictionary while you read an Italian children’s book. Why a children’s book? Because you start from the basics and it’s easier to learn the correct usage and order of words. Watching a movie with Italian subtitles can also enhance your listening skills in association to the words on the screen.
To easily remember Italian words versus the English interpretation, you simply can associate the words to a funny event or situation. Remember we mentioned awhile ago that learning another language enriches your brain and it applies to this method. Let’s try to imagine a lazy donkey. The donkey is too lazy to eat or take a bath but is never lazy to play card games even if it has to play at the last casino open in town. If you haven’t guessed it yet, the word donkey from the English vocabulary and l’asino in Italian are the example words used. Crazy, right.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Learn-The-Italian-Language-With-Ease/38478
Interested to learn the Italian language? If you are, good for you then. Learning another language other than a person’s mother tongue helps enhance a person’s memory capabilities and thinking skills. Unfortunately, many people give up too early by the minute they go through Lesson One of their Italian books or Audio materials. This shouldn’t be the case since learning is not an easy and quick process. Surely you didn’t graduate from high school without going through all the required subjects and passing grades right? Why learning a foreign language is any different?
Still, we can’t ignore the fact that not everyone is willing to sit down and read Italian books. The good thing about this century is that millions of people can access whatever information they want by using the Internet. This is where the good stuff comes from too. If you are a busy person who can’t spare time in going to universities to learn a foreign language or even immerse yourself on another country, search for foreign language learning programs from the internet.
Another thing, you need not to stick to old memorization techniques like repetition since your memory will most likely fail you with this type of method. What you can do instead is to carry around a picture dictionary while you read an Italian children’s book. Why a children’s book? Because you start from the basics and it’s easier to learn the correct usage and order of words. Watching a movie with Italian subtitles can also enhance your listening skills in association to the words on the screen.
To easily remember Italian words versus the English interpretation, you simply can associate the words to a funny event or situation. Remember we mentioned awhile ago that learning another language enriches your brain and it applies to this method. Let’s try to imagine a lazy donkey. The donkey is too lazy to eat or take a bath but is never lazy to play card games even if it has to play at the last casino open in town. If you haven’t guessed it yet, the word donkey from the English vocabulary and l’asino in Italian are the example words used. Crazy, right.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Learn-The-Italian-Language-With-Ease/38478
It Takes One To Know French
A person’s interest in learning a subject, let alone a different language than your own is what makes learning such a breeze. If you want to learn other language, like French for example, having a positive attitude towards your everyday lessons triggers your mind to become attentive. And what does attention have anything to do with French language?
It has been proven that our minds are like vacuum cleaners, ready to suck in anything it encounters on its path. What we’re not aware of, however, is that each of this information is collected and stored in our brain. In other words, there are ways and means how our brain can refresh what is has seen many years ago and learn again what it already knows.
This is why learning another language isn’t far from impossible if our brain has this ability.
French is spoken by approximately 130 million people around the world. Compared to the English language, French omits letters in a word and slur pronunciations. It can get very confusing to learn French as a beginner but it takes a lot of dedication to learn or even achieve something. Considering the differences French and the English language have, it’s not impossible to understand and soon, speak in French as your second or third language.
One effective method of learning French and remembering the words equivalent to its English interpretation is to use flash cards. This method is used by our school teachers to help us remember what we need to learn as students. The same thing applies in learning French. Another effective way and reason why remembering French is not too difficult is because our memory, once able to see an object with certain significance to anything it wants to absorb, remembers the entire details.
An example would be to associate a word in French and English in one picture or sentence. This method is used and recommended in memorization and also a part of the effective memorization techniques today.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/It-Takes-One-To-Know-French/38463
It has been proven that our minds are like vacuum cleaners, ready to suck in anything it encounters on its path. What we’re not aware of, however, is that each of this information is collected and stored in our brain. In other words, there are ways and means how our brain can refresh what is has seen many years ago and learn again what it already knows.
This is why learning another language isn’t far from impossible if our brain has this ability.
French is spoken by approximately 130 million people around the world. Compared to the English language, French omits letters in a word and slur pronunciations. It can get very confusing to learn French as a beginner but it takes a lot of dedication to learn or even achieve something. Considering the differences French and the English language have, it’s not impossible to understand and soon, speak in French as your second or third language.
One effective method of learning French and remembering the words equivalent to its English interpretation is to use flash cards. This method is used by our school teachers to help us remember what we need to learn as students. The same thing applies in learning French. Another effective way and reason why remembering French is not too difficult is because our memory, once able to see an object with certain significance to anything it wants to absorb, remembers the entire details.
An example would be to associate a word in French and English in one picture or sentence. This method is used and recommended in memorization and also a part of the effective memorization techniques today.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/It-Takes-One-To-Know-French/38463
Understanding The Cajun French Language
Who are the Cajuns and What is the Cajun French Language?
Cajuns are an ethnic group in the U.S. state of Louisiana, whose ancestors were exiled from the former French colony known as Acadia (now a part of the Maritime provinces of Canada and in Maine), in 1755, during the catholic ethnic cleansing campaign, known as the Great Expulsion, initiated by British Crown. The term "Cajun" is derived from the English pronunciation of the French word “Acadien”.
Cajun French language is a dialect of French spoken by this ethnic group, with traces of influences from Quebec French, Haitian Creole, European French, and Haitian French. Cajun French language is distinct, mainly in fields of pronunciation and vocabulary, from Parisian or Metropolitan French.
The First Cajun French Language Dictionary
“A Dictionary of the Cajun Language”, the first Cajun French language dictionary was published in 1984 by Father Jules O. Daigle. It is not exhaustive or comprehensive, and omits certain alternate spellings and synonyms considered to be “perversions” by the author. However, it remains to be popular among Cajun speakers and writers, and is commonly considered to be the authority on the Cajun French language.
Where is Cajun French Language Used?
The primary region where Cajun French is spoken is called “Acadiana”, which differs from “Acadia” where Acadian French is spoken. In the United States, Cajun French is mainly spoken in the state of Louisiana, particularly in regions such as Lafayette Parish, St. Landry Parish, Terrebonne Parish, St. Mary Parish, Assumption Parish, St. Martin Parish, Evangeline Parish, Vermilion Parish, Lafourche Parish, and Iberia Parish.
The number of Cajun French language speakers has significantly decreased in recent years, and its survival has been questioned a number of times. This is mainly because majority of the Cajun French speakers live in an English-speaking nation, are bilingual, and are encouraged by parents to use English. However, there have been some attempts to revive the diminishing language by certain organizations such as the Council for the Development of French in Louisiana (CODOFIL).
Some of the Main Differences between Standard and Cajun French:
• In Cajun French language, almost all past tense constructions are made using the verb avoir (to have). Standard French, on the other hand, has important verbs whose compound past tense is made using être (to be).
• “Nous Parlons” in standard French is always “On Parle” in Cajun French.
• Pronunciations not similar with standard French: 1) /a/ is pronounced with tongue towards the back of the mouth, sounding more like /ɑ/. 2) /d/ is pronounced /ʤ/ (before /i/). 3) /k/ pronounced /ʧ/ before /a/. 4) /t/ is also pronounced /ʧ/ before/i/. 5) /r/ is pronounced as an alveolar trill or flap and not the uvular fricative of standard French, and is omitted at the end of a syllable. 6) /wa/ pronounced /we/, and also often more like /ɔ/, with a bit of an offglide towards /u/.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Understanding-The-Cajun-French-Language/37763
Cajuns are an ethnic group in the U.S. state of Louisiana, whose ancestors were exiled from the former French colony known as Acadia (now a part of the Maritime provinces of Canada and in Maine), in 1755, during the catholic ethnic cleansing campaign, known as the Great Expulsion, initiated by British Crown. The term "Cajun" is derived from the English pronunciation of the French word “Acadien”.
Cajun French language is a dialect of French spoken by this ethnic group, with traces of influences from Quebec French, Haitian Creole, European French, and Haitian French. Cajun French language is distinct, mainly in fields of pronunciation and vocabulary, from Parisian or Metropolitan French.
The First Cajun French Language Dictionary
“A Dictionary of the Cajun Language”, the first Cajun French language dictionary was published in 1984 by Father Jules O. Daigle. It is not exhaustive or comprehensive, and omits certain alternate spellings and synonyms considered to be “perversions” by the author. However, it remains to be popular among Cajun speakers and writers, and is commonly considered to be the authority on the Cajun French language.
Where is Cajun French Language Used?
The primary region where Cajun French is spoken is called “Acadiana”, which differs from “Acadia” where Acadian French is spoken. In the United States, Cajun French is mainly spoken in the state of Louisiana, particularly in regions such as Lafayette Parish, St. Landry Parish, Terrebonne Parish, St. Mary Parish, Assumption Parish, St. Martin Parish, Evangeline Parish, Vermilion Parish, Lafourche Parish, and Iberia Parish.
The number of Cajun French language speakers has significantly decreased in recent years, and its survival has been questioned a number of times. This is mainly because majority of the Cajun French speakers live in an English-speaking nation, are bilingual, and are encouraged by parents to use English. However, there have been some attempts to revive the diminishing language by certain organizations such as the Council for the Development of French in Louisiana (CODOFIL).
Some of the Main Differences between Standard and Cajun French:
• In Cajun French language, almost all past tense constructions are made using the verb avoir (to have). Standard French, on the other hand, has important verbs whose compound past tense is made using être (to be).
• “Nous Parlons” in standard French is always “On Parle” in Cajun French.
• Pronunciations not similar with standard French: 1) /a/ is pronounced with tongue towards the back of the mouth, sounding more like /ɑ/. 2) /d/ is pronounced /ʤ/ (before /i/). 3) /k/ pronounced /ʧ/ before /a/. 4) /t/ is also pronounced /ʧ/ before/i/. 5) /r/ is pronounced as an alveolar trill or flap and not the uvular fricative of standard French, and is omitted at the end of a syllable. 6) /wa/ pronounced /we/, and also often more like /ɔ/, with a bit of an offglide towards /u/.
http://articlecrazy.com/Article/Understanding-The-Cajun-French-Language/37763
Learning Spanish For Adults
Have you ever thought of learning Spanish but never had the time and right opportunity to do it? You don’t need to worry about “how” to actually do it but what you want to think about twice is if you really have the dedication and interest to learn the Spanish language.
Learning for adults does not come easy any longer compared to how children and teenagers learn. This is true because there is a certain point and range of interest and learning skills each age group has and as a person gets older, the ability to learn depreciates. Think about young children, learning a different language to them is easy as learning A,B,C’s.
Now the next question comes into mind…how do I learn a foreign language fast? We all know that it takes a while to learn new things. It also takes great enthusiasm and interest over something to be able to learn it well and apply it to normal day to day activities. Also, a good memory is built from a vivid event. Findings show that we tend to store in events or images that has a strong impact towards the senses in our memory. This is also why it’s recommended to imagine silly and outrageous images in learning foreign languages because the words can be easily remembered this way. A human brain can certainly not erase these images.
By now you should be able to realize that whatever you have seen ever since you were small is all still registered in your brain. So the next time you see something familiar, be aware that you haven’t completely forgotten what it is or what it is for but just that the image might have not been too interesting at the moment you saw it and in turn, didn’t alert your attention as you were absorbing it to your brain.
So to give you an example how pictures can create an impact in learning a foreign language, we’ll take the English word morning and mañana in Spanish as an example. Imagine this sentence as it happens: Every morning, the postman delivers mails and packages to houses with family names of Manny in a successive order. By associating the words in a scenario as you imagine it happening makes it a lot easier and fun to learn the Spanish language.
Learning for adults does not come easy any longer compared to how children and teenagers learn. This is true because there is a certain point and range of interest and learning skills each age group has and as a person gets older, the ability to learn depreciates. Think about young children, learning a different language to them is easy as learning A,B,C’s.
Now the next question comes into mind…how do I learn a foreign language fast? We all know that it takes a while to learn new things. It also takes great enthusiasm and interest over something to be able to learn it well and apply it to normal day to day activities. Also, a good memory is built from a vivid event. Findings show that we tend to store in events or images that has a strong impact towards the senses in our memory. This is also why it’s recommended to imagine silly and outrageous images in learning foreign languages because the words can be easily remembered this way. A human brain can certainly not erase these images.
By now you should be able to realize that whatever you have seen ever since you were small is all still registered in your brain. So the next time you see something familiar, be aware that you haven’t completely forgotten what it is or what it is for but just that the image might have not been too interesting at the moment you saw it and in turn, didn’t alert your attention as you were absorbing it to your brain.
So to give you an example how pictures can create an impact in learning a foreign language, we’ll take the English word morning and mañana in Spanish as an example. Imagine this sentence as it happens: Every morning, the postman delivers mails and packages to houses with family names of Manny in a successive order. By associating the words in a scenario as you imagine it happening makes it a lot easier and fun to learn the Spanish language.
Article Source: http://articlecrazy.com
Thursday, February 15, 2007
5 Love Languages and Those Who Contribute at Home
The work around a house or apartment has got to be some of the least thanked work ever created. Whether it is the yard work on the weekend, plumbing as it arises, daily dishes & errand running, we tend to overlook the assistance that our spouse and children offer us regularly.
Part of why being at home is so tiring for some is the simple fact that the ongoing work of maintaining regular life is hardly regarded as special.
We don’t forget to say thank you for trips to Hawaii, or Prague (gift love-language).
We sparkle with delight after a full body massage (touch love-language).
We treasure all those times of close one-on-one talks (quality time love-language).
But what about gifts of service? Do we appreciate those?................. sometimes.
When someone in your house regularly contributes to the existence of the household—be sure to commend them. The trick is that you need to give back appreciation/love in a way that they recognize it.
Find out the number 1 love language of the family member that is contributing to your household running smoothly. Then show them love by speaking that language to them. For instance, lets say your husband mows the lawn and fixes the electrical problems around the house. He also irons, walks the dog, changes the baby in the middle of the night, and waxes your car by hand after every wash. Now, he is obviously contributing love to you and the family through the language of gifts of service.
Does that mean you are to do service back to him so he can feel loved too? Sometimes. In some cases being tended to or waited on will help him feel loved and reciprocated to. However, he may have grown up watching his dad do those things and merely believes that is the way to show love. This may be one way he contributes but doesn’t prove it is his love language.
Do a study on him. Find out what his PRIMARY love language is so that when he contributes to the household in anyway—you will have ideas of how to appropriately show your appreciation.
Reason I bring this up = If you show appreciation in one of the 4 secondary love languages that rank below your husbands primary love language--- he may not fully feel appreciated. He may eventually feel taken advantage of, and slowly over time he may decrease his input in this way. So, if you want the help to continue be sure to show your appreciation in HIS primary language.
Example:
If “Tom” has a primary language of touch—then hugs, kisses, and caresses would be appropriate to say Thank You.
If “Tom” has a primary language of gifts -- then perhaps a new golf club or video game might be nice to say Thank You.
If “Tom” primarily speaks the love language of words of affirmation—then be sure to praise him during and after his service.
If “Tom” leans towards the love language of quality time—then go someplace alone to hang out and spend time together, or send the kids to bed early so you can cuddle and talk.
Finally, If indeed “Tom” primarily values love through the giving and receiving of acts of service then find some ways for you to contribute to his life through some acts of service—pick up dry cleaning, wash his car, have dinner ready get the house & kids cleaned before he gets home etc.
As I have told several of you…. We speak 5 unique languages.
It is not enough to just pick one and speak it to everyone in the house.
If your son or daughter are “touch” kids and you primarily use words of affirmation to show love… chances are they are not feeling ALL the love you are trying to show. A simple hug, or touching of toes while watching a video would go much much further for that “touch” kid.
Each person is unique. And they develop their own world accordingly. It actually is possible to be showing someone a HUGE amount of love—yet they complain they are not loved at all / or at least enough. This is a simple sad truth. The reason for it is they register love primarily in a love language that you are not using to give back.
So let’s fix that !!
If you are in a family or friendship with someone that is feeling under appreciated—take an inventory to discover their primary love language.
Then try for 20 days to daily show them 3 small doses of love in THEIR love language of choice.
When it is all done after 20 days… send me an email and tell me of all the differences that came about from your giving love in the way they needed it.
Until next time-- all the best,
http://www.articlecity.com/articles/parenting/article_126.shtml
Small Children, Languages and Myths
Our children are growing up bilingual in the French part of Canada – Québec. “That’s fine”, says everyone. “Even though they’ll probably start speaking later because they’re learning two languages at once, they’ll catch up.”
Well actually, this well-entrenched idea that bilingual children are slower to acquire language, is actually a myth!
We were surprised and delighted to learn that research is finding that bilingual children do NOT acquire language later than monolingual children. Our first child participated in a language study on babies carried out at McGill University of Montréal, Québec, Canada. There it was explained to us that research is finding that the difference in language acquisition of one child compared to another is very large. Some children speak sooner, some speak later. And the range of language acquisition of bilingual children is just as large as the range for monolingual children, statistically speaking.
Although these research results are relatively recent, I was able to find an article on the internet about it, written by Professor Fred Genesee of McGill University at http://www.earlychildhood.com/Articles/index.cfm?FuseAction=Article&A=38, confirming what we had been told verbally. In addition, instead of seeing bilingualism as the minority exception to the rule, Professor Genesee suggests that there many be as many children growing up bilingually as there are growing up monolingually.
So rest assured that the myths are wrong and the following are true:
- Bilingual children do NOT have delayed language acquisition.
- Learning more than one language at a time is NOT difficult for small children.
- Bilingual children DO master both languages just as well as one.
More and more parents are convinced of the benefits of exposing their small children to foreign languages. This has resulted in the recent explosion of videos, books, music and computer software aimed at babies and preschoolers, that expose them to another language. For example, free computer games on the http://www.kiddiesgames.com website allow babies and preschoolers from an English-speaking environment to learn and practice French and Spanish.
The most obvious benefit, and one that is confirmed by research, is that exposing infants to a foreign language can help them master that foreign language later on. In the well-documented but very accessible book on baby brain development “What’s Going On In There?”, the author Lise Eliot explains that babies are born being able to hear the sounds of every language in the world. However, this ability is subject to the “use it or lose it” phenomenon. If the baby is not exposed to foreign sounds, she will lose the ability to distinguish those sounds. For example, on page 368, she reports:
«Infants’ ability to discriminate foreign speech sounds begins to wane as early as six months of age. By this age, English-learning babies have already lost some of their ability, still present at four months, to discriminate certain German or Swedish vowels. Foreign vowels are the first sort of phoneme to go. Then, by ten or twelve months, out goes the ability to discriminate foreign consonants, like /r/’s and /l/’s for Japanese babies or Hindi consonants for English-learning infants.»
Another benefit of exposing children to another language that is starting to be recognized, is that of increasing their proficiency in their primary language. It may be that the brain exercise of sorting out multiple languages gives that brain a deeper proficiency in language and grammar overall.
So the next time your infant has the opportunity to be exposed to a foreign language in a suitably fun setting (which is how all activities should be presented to infants, isn’t it?), then jump at the chance!
http://www.articlecity.com/articles/family/article_651.shtml
Sending SMS in Foreign Languages For Example Arabic, Greek, Hebrew etc
Mobile phone penetration is increasing globally. With the increase in handsets, being able to communicate with the handset owners in their own language is something that is becoming increasingly important.
The first question that comes to mind is how it works when foreign languages are sent to mobiles from a web site. Based on the fact that computers fundamentally just deal with numbers, letters and characters are stored using a unique number for each and in the past these unique numbers had to be assigned through the use of encoding systems. As a result hundreds of different encoding systems existed, none compatible with each other and none of them containing enough characters to deal with all languages. All this changed with the invention of Unicode. With Unicode one number for each letter has been assigned (a standard has been set) and it is network, platform and language independent. The emergence of Unicode standards and tools allowed web platform owners and developers to develop additional tools which enables end users to send sms in their own language.
These applications are especially important in the Middle East (Arabic), Far East (Chinese, Taiwanese, Hindi etc.) and European countries where normal English characters cannot be used to communicate in data format for example Greece, Finland, Norway - just to name a few.
Prior to development of a user-friendly Java based application, users had to be familiar with Hex and the conversion of Unicode characters into Hex in order for the binary data to be sent to recipients via mobile phones from web sites.
This now all changed for end users. The java based application used for sending Unicode, available on www.smswarehouse.com, allows users to send sms from the web site in the language their keyboard is set to. Once logged in, users have the opportunity to choose whether they want to send their text message in Unicode or in English. After selecting Unicode, the user is presented with the opportunity to send their message in Hex or based on their keyboard settings (Keyboard input).
The process is extremely simple and user friendly - if your keyboard is set (for example) to Greek, you simply type the message in and click on "send" - the text will be delivered to the recipient in Greek. Unicode is still limited to 70 Characters, which is a GSM restriction, but the use of 160 characters is currently under development.
http://www.articlecity.com/articles/computers_and_internet/article_1245.shtml
Spain’s Other Languages
Despite Castilian (Or Español) being the main language of Spain there are also a number of other languages spoken throughout Spain – many are now recognised officially by the government and regulated by governing bodies to ensure that they remain a part of Spain’s history and diversity.
Euskara Batua (unified Basque)
Definitely the most interesting language in Spain, Euskara is widely spoken throughout the Basque region of Northern Spain. The majority of Basque speakers live in Spain with a smaller percentage living over the border in Pyrenean France. The Basques are a fiercely proud people and have an extremely developed sense of regional identity. Despite having a large amount of political and cultural autonomy, there is still a strong movement for complete independence from Spain and the terrorist group ETA have been terrorising the nation for 30 years in the hunt for complete self rule for the Basque country. The language itself has 600,000 speakers on both sides of the Franco-Spanish border with about 75% of those hailing from the Spanish side. The language has always proved to be something of a mystery to linguists as it has not been proven to be related to any other language. Euskara bears no relationship to the indo-European family of languages which includes all of the other languages of Europe. Some linguists have started to propagate the theory that the language bears a similarity to the Georgian language from the Caucasus region but conclusive proof has yet to be uncovered. The language itself has been standardised over the past couple of decades – being mainly a rural language, Euskara is subject to several regional variations, however a standardised version, Euskara Batua, has been established for use in the media and in schools.
Catalan
A romance language, Catalan is spoken not only in Spain but also in parts of Andorra (where it is the national language), and also in isolated areas of France and Sardinia. There are roughly 4 million speakers worldwide who use it as their first language and probably about the same amount who use it as a second language. As a language it is often said to resemble a cross between French and Spanish, although linguists point out that the language bears more in common with Italian in terms of grammar and syntax. Obviously spoken throughout Catalonia there are also several other dialects of Catalan, most notably Valencian. Many in the “Pai Valencia” still claim it is a separate language and this has been the source of much political and linguistic debate over recent years.
Galician
Lying in the extreme north western tip of Spain, Galicia is one of Spain’s more isolated regions. Yet to be penetrated by mass tourism, the region is subject to some of Spain’s worst weather and is also home to its third largest language. Galician is spoken by 3 million Spaniards in Galicia itself and also in the neighbouring regions of Asturias and Castille-Léon. The language bears strong similarities to Portuguese, a factor that is explained by the close proximity of the region to Portugal. The Portuguese language did in fact develop originally in Galicia and Northern Portugal, before a political split in the 14th century separated the two areas allowing the languages to develop and grow independently of each other. The native Galician will be able to understand most Portuguese - similar vocabulary and word order can be seen across both languages and there is fierce debate once more as to whether they are languages in their own right, or dialects of the same language. Again much of it has to do with the perceived independence of the region that is, in many ways, symbolised by its language. Like Catalan and Euskara, Galician now has an official status and is taught in schools adding weight to the strong social movement to protect and preserve the language.
http://www.articlecity.com/articles/travel_and_leisure/article_736.shtml
Wednesday, February 14, 2007
To Learn a Language (like German) FIRST Find the Similarities
Even if you don't know a single word of German, you can probably read and understand the following German text. Did you know that English and German descended from the same language? (Proto-Germanic) Many words in both languages are the same or similar.
Helpful tips will be provided following the story to help you go over it again and understand it even better after your initial reading.
* GERMAN STORY *
Guten Tag! Mein Name ist Monika. Ich bin Autorin. Ich habe einen Bruder namens Bob. Bob ist auch Autor. Ich bin Bobs Literaturagentin. Er schreibt interessante Artikel und Bücher. Er schreibt im Moment ein neues Buch. Der Titel ist: «Das Telefon klingelt für Dich.» Letztes Jahr hatte er 2 Bücher auf der Bestsellerliste.
Bob lebt in Kanada - in Montreal. Er ist 30 Jahre alt, mit blondem Haar und blauen Augen. Er hat ein altes Auto. Freitags fährt er mit dem Auto zum Supermarkt.
Im Supermarkt findet er Kaffee, Tee, Mineralwasser, Milch, Zucker, Butter usw. für Mutter. Er findet auch Frucht wie Bananen, Äpfel, Orangen usw. Dann geht er zur Bank und wartet eine Weile auf Mutter. Er fährt danach mit Mutter nach Hause und parkt sein Auto.
Das Haus ist weiß und blau. Es hat einen Garten mit wundervollen Blumen und luxuriösem grünem Gras.
Im Haus sitzt Bob auf dem Sofa und trinkt oft ein Glas Bier oder Wein und hört Radio (laut). Mutter sagt: «Bob! Das Radio ist zu laut!» Bob lacht und geht in den Garten.
Im Sommer, wenn die Sonne scheint, sitzt Bob im Garten. Wenn Mutter will, mäht Bob das Gras.
Im Winter schaufelt er den Schnee oder sitzt im Haus beim Feuer.
Meine Mutter hat eine Katze namens Löwe. Löwe ist braun, grau und orange. Sie miaut, wenn sie Bob sieht, springt auf Bobs Knie und schnurrt laut. Mutter hat auch einen Hund - namens Bär. Bär ist ein Dachshund.
Ach! es ist spät - Mitternacht. Ich muss zu Bett gehen. Gute Nacht! Ich schreibe mehr morgen früh.
* MORE EXAMPLES *
Winter kommt im November.
Sommer kommt im Juni.
Die Toilette ist beige.
Das Papier ist weiß.
Meine Hand hat zehn Finger.
Mein Arm ist gebrochen.
Wir haben eine Party!
Bring den Salat hier!
Der Mann tanzt und singt.
Der Wind ist eisig.
Die Tomate ist reif.
Das kostet 5 Dollar.
Komm hier!
Er hat Hunger und Durst.
Der Film beginnt um 8.
Sie fotografiert die Familie.
* HOW DID IT GO? *
Maybe you didn't understand the German text completely. Read it a second - and then a third time.
If you are observant, you will notice a few details:
*German usually uses a 'K' instead of a hard 'C': Canada=Kanada, Monica=Monika.
*The English 'ph' often becomes 'f': telephone=Telefon.
*Nouns are capitalized: fruit=Frucht, milk=Milch, butter=Butter, sugar=Zucker.
*Possessives are not formed with an apostrophe + s: brother's=Bruders.
*The English 'sh' becomes 'sch': shines=scheint, shovels=schaufelt.
*Many words are exactly the same: Winter, November, Finger, Party, Wind, Hunger, Film.
Now that you have a few hints, you can probably read the German text again and understand even more. Think of the words in context, and allow your mind to fill in the blanks.
Related words, like the ones above, with common ancestral roots are called 'cognates'. There are many, many more than those presented here.
Over the years, however, many words that used to mean the same thing in both languages have evolved and have acquired different connotations. For example, the old German word for 'wife' - 'Weib' is nowadays generally applied in a deprecating manner. It might be used in a phrase that means 'you crazy woman!' or in instances where an English person would say 'broad' or 'dame'.
The German word 'Gift' does not mean 'gift' - it means 'poison'.
The point that is being made here, however, is that you should actively search for similarities. Over time you will discover the exceptions. You will feel comfortable with the similarities and form a foundation on which you can build. The learning task then becomes less daunting - and even enjoyable.
Over the centuries the world has become a melting pot of cultures and languages. Many words and phrases have crossed borders. Globalization - spurred by newspapers, radio, TV, the internet, and jet travel - has accelerated the process. We often use foreign-derived words without even realizing - angst, soup du jour, cafe au lait, poltergeist, bona fide, carte blanche, nom de plume, savoir-faire . . .
Every time you come to a new text passage, scan it to find what you already know (or can guess) for a general sense of what it means. Then tackle the unknown parts.
Your learning will progress more quickly as a result.
http://www.easyarticles.com/article.php?action=fullnews&showcomments=1&id=11391
Helpful tips will be provided following the story to help you go over it again and understand it even better after your initial reading.
* GERMAN STORY *
Guten Tag! Mein Name ist Monika. Ich bin Autorin. Ich habe einen Bruder namens Bob. Bob ist auch Autor. Ich bin Bobs Literaturagentin. Er schreibt interessante Artikel und Bücher. Er schreibt im Moment ein neues Buch. Der Titel ist: «Das Telefon klingelt für Dich.» Letztes Jahr hatte er 2 Bücher auf der Bestsellerliste.
Bob lebt in Kanada - in Montreal. Er ist 30 Jahre alt, mit blondem Haar und blauen Augen. Er hat ein altes Auto. Freitags fährt er mit dem Auto zum Supermarkt.
Im Supermarkt findet er Kaffee, Tee, Mineralwasser, Milch, Zucker, Butter usw. für Mutter. Er findet auch Frucht wie Bananen, Äpfel, Orangen usw. Dann geht er zur Bank und wartet eine Weile auf Mutter. Er fährt danach mit Mutter nach Hause und parkt sein Auto.
Das Haus ist weiß und blau. Es hat einen Garten mit wundervollen Blumen und luxuriösem grünem Gras.
Im Haus sitzt Bob auf dem Sofa und trinkt oft ein Glas Bier oder Wein und hört Radio (laut). Mutter sagt: «Bob! Das Radio ist zu laut!» Bob lacht und geht in den Garten.
Im Sommer, wenn die Sonne scheint, sitzt Bob im Garten. Wenn Mutter will, mäht Bob das Gras.
Im Winter schaufelt er den Schnee oder sitzt im Haus beim Feuer.
Meine Mutter hat eine Katze namens Löwe. Löwe ist braun, grau und orange. Sie miaut, wenn sie Bob sieht, springt auf Bobs Knie und schnurrt laut. Mutter hat auch einen Hund - namens Bär. Bär ist ein Dachshund.
Ach! es ist spät - Mitternacht. Ich muss zu Bett gehen. Gute Nacht! Ich schreibe mehr morgen früh.
* MORE EXAMPLES *
Winter kommt im November.
Sommer kommt im Juni.
Die Toilette ist beige.
Das Papier ist weiß.
Meine Hand hat zehn Finger.
Mein Arm ist gebrochen.
Wir haben eine Party!
Bring den Salat hier!
Der Mann tanzt und singt.
Der Wind ist eisig.
Die Tomate ist reif.
Das kostet 5 Dollar.
Komm hier!
Er hat Hunger und Durst.
Der Film beginnt um 8.
Sie fotografiert die Familie.
* HOW DID IT GO? *
Maybe you didn't understand the German text completely. Read it a second - and then a third time.
If you are observant, you will notice a few details:
*German usually uses a 'K' instead of a hard 'C': Canada=Kanada, Monica=Monika.
*The English 'ph' often becomes 'f': telephone=Telefon.
*Nouns are capitalized: fruit=Frucht, milk=Milch, butter=Butter, sugar=Zucker.
*Possessives are not formed with an apostrophe + s: brother's=Bruders.
*The English 'sh' becomes 'sch': shines=scheint, shovels=schaufelt.
*Many words are exactly the same: Winter, November, Finger, Party, Wind, Hunger, Film.
Now that you have a few hints, you can probably read the German text again and understand even more. Think of the words in context, and allow your mind to fill in the blanks.
Related words, like the ones above, with common ancestral roots are called 'cognates'. There are many, many more than those presented here.
Over the years, however, many words that used to mean the same thing in both languages have evolved and have acquired different connotations. For example, the old German word for 'wife' - 'Weib' is nowadays generally applied in a deprecating manner. It might be used in a phrase that means 'you crazy woman!' or in instances where an English person would say 'broad' or 'dame'.
The German word 'Gift' does not mean 'gift' - it means 'poison'.
The point that is being made here, however, is that you should actively search for similarities. Over time you will discover the exceptions. You will feel comfortable with the similarities and form a foundation on which you can build. The learning task then becomes less daunting - and even enjoyable.
Over the centuries the world has become a melting pot of cultures and languages. Many words and phrases have crossed borders. Globalization - spurred by newspapers, radio, TV, the internet, and jet travel - has accelerated the process. We often use foreign-derived words without even realizing - angst, soup du jour, cafe au lait, poltergeist, bona fide, carte blanche, nom de plume, savoir-faire . . .
Every time you come to a new text passage, scan it to find what you already know (or can guess) for a general sense of what it means. Then tackle the unknown parts.
Your learning will progress more quickly as a result.
http://www.easyarticles.com/article.php?action=fullnews&showcomments=1&id=11391
The Internet--THE Best Place to Learn English
English is the dominant language of the Internet. The Internet will in turn become the dominant place to learn English. The way languages are learned is changing, and these changes are accelerating.
The Internet is constantly evolving. It has created a dynamic environment for the communication and the management of information. The Internet has brought with it new forms of social interaction without boundaries. Technologies like MP3, iPod, Skype and PDAs, as well as blogs and podcasts, are making an immense variety of communication, information, literature, news and other language content available anywhere and anytime. A cascade of developments is causing interactive communities to spring up based on common interests, without regard to geography. This is going to stand traditional language learning on its head. English dominates on the Internet in areas ranging from entertainment to science. If you want to learn English, this represents an unprecedented opportunity.
You can access English language content on any subject and learn from it. You can connect with English speaking people who share your interests. You can do this via e-mail, through blogs, podcasts and forums. You can link up with friends or even language tutors using free Internet telephony. The World Wide Web is the ultimate dynamic classroom and learning community.
Over the next few years the Internet will take over from the classroom as the place of choice to learn English: Here are some of the reasons.
The Primacy of Input
If you want to learn English or any other language, you need input, meaningful, interesting and at your level. Today language learning experts emphasize input over output, listening and reading over grammar study. Before you can use the language, you must get used to the language. You don't need to be in a hurry to speak English, and you don't need to speak it all the time to improve.
"Real language acquisition develops slowly, and speaking skills emerge significantly later than listening skills, even when conditions are perfect. The best methods are therefore those that supply 'comprehensible input' in low anxiety situations, containing messages that students really want to hear. These methods do not force early production in the second language, but allow students to produce when they are 'ready', recognizing that improvement comes from supplying communicative and comprehensible input, and not from forcing and correcting production." Stephen Krashen.
When you learned your own language as a child, you didn't begin by speaking. You began by listening. New language learners can benefit from a "silent period". During the "silent period" you can absorb the language. You need not force yourself to speak it until you are confident. Even if you are an intermediate learner, extensive reading and listening will increase your familiarity with the language, enrich your vocabulary, and develop confidence. This is more beneficial than studying grammar.
While listening and reading often and regularly are vital, the content must be meaningful. Learning content should be interesting and comprehensible to you. This means that you, not the teacher, should choose what to learn from. The Internet allows unlimited choice of fascinating authentic content. The traditional textbook cannot compete.
Motivated learners used to spend their time in book stores looking for graded content that would help them in their language studies. Yet, inevitably a lot of this material could only be found in uninteresting textbooks and readers. But today authentic content on a variety of subjects is only a click away. This is especially the case for the person who wants to learn English.
This range of material is made accessible to learners, since new systems can grade it for difficulty in a way that is customized to your specific vocabulary. You can learn English by listening to and reading on subjects that interest you and you won't find it too difficult.
Vocabulary over Grammar
In order to achieve fluency in English you need to be comfortable using at least 10,000 words. On the Internet, you can choose appropriate content to listen to and read. The content can be graded to your level. But what about learning and remembering all those new words. We know how quickly we forget words when we look them up in a dictionary. And there are so many words to learn. Fortunately, the Internet makes it a lot easier to learn vocabulary.
On the Internet you can use online dictionaries to look up words instantly (i.e., Babylon). There are learning software programs which create customized word lists for you as you learn words. This software can help you accumulate example sentences for these words from the familiar contexts you are listening to and reading. You can set vocabulary goals and follow your progress towards these goals.
The Internet helps you to efficiently accumulate vocabulary based on lively and interesting language content, customized to your needs. This combination of vocabulary learning efficiency and limitless content is only part of why the Internet will become the place of choice to learn English.
Learning in Chunks
Vocabulary does not only mean words. It also means phrases, or chunks of words. Phrases are groups of words that come together in a way that is natural to the native speaker but not always to the learner. Michael Lewis has been one of the pioneers in pointing out that you learn language in chunks, or lexical phrases. The Internet and the computer make this easier.
On the computer, you can grab language chunks as you are listening and reading and collect them in an easy to use database. Phrases and chunks of the language can be linked to larger contexts, which are already familiar to you. You don't need to rely on dictionary definitions and rote memory. You can review these chunks of language in short fragment form, in sentence form and as part of a larger context that you can listen to and read many times.
In this way you gradually develop an instinctive sense for how words are used. This is the natural way to learn correct usage. It is more effective than trying to remember and apply grammar rules.
As you build up your confidence in English through regular input and word and phrase learning, you will no doubt want to talk to native speakers. Once again the Internet is the ideal environment, offering more opportunities than the classroom.
Better Tutors on the Internet
The Internet connects people who are looking for each other. A quick search on a few professional web sites will locate native English speaker writers, editors, or professionals from all over the world, who are interested in acting as language tutors and coaches. If you want to learn English, you can interact with this outstanding pool of qualified people with a wide range of experience and knowledge.
You do not need teachers with specialized linguistics degrees if you want to learn English on the Internet. The new learning paradigm does not require teachers who are trained in the details of grammar and language teaching. Instead the important qualifications for a tutor on the Internet are; an interest in people, an ability to use one's native language well, and rich experience to share with learners in English.
On the Internet you can choose the tutor whose accent and interests match your own.
Meaningful Communication
Technologies like Skype make conversations via computer easy to organize and the communication is free of charge. You can get your friends together for a chat or make an appointment with a tutor.
It is like having lessons on demand. You can schedule one-on-one or four-on-one discussions via Skype with the tutor of your choice. You can invite your friends to join, or make new friends from different countries and cultures. Tutors need only provide advice and encouragement as well as feedback, at your convenience. There is no need for grammar instruction or quizzes, since you are learning the language naturally through your input activities.
In the relaxing atmosphere of Internet online discussion, learners and tutors become friends and form a community of people helping and encouraging each other. These are not stressful lessons. They are pleasant opportunities to communicate. You can record these conversations or produce your own oral essays and file them or share them. In this way you can keep track of your progress as you learn English on the Internet.
To really improve your accuracy of expression it is important to write. The correction of written texts can be efficiently organized on the Internet and integrated with your input and speaking activities. Systems can keep a permanent record of both your original texts and the corrected texts. These records can include details on the nature of your mistakes and the tutor's notes. Tutors can make audio recordings of your corrected writing for you to listen to, in order to reinforce the learning of the corrected phrases. The writing can range from casual writing for a blog to serious academic essays.
Motivation and Enjoyment
Learning on the Internet is effective because it is fun. The Internet avoids the tension and boredom of the classroom and increases your motivation. You choose the content, vocabulary is easy to learn, progress is constantly measured, and you become part of a community.
There are already blogging communities with learners and tutors sharing their experiences. People come together from all over the world to help each other. Bloggers may post in their own language, or in English. English becomes the medium of communication among people of different cultural backgrounds. Blogging isn't an assignment, but a genuine, enjoyable, and meaningful activity. A contagious enthusiasm will keep you learning. It is not like studying. It's more like making new friends and discovering new cultures through language.
Efficiency
The Internet introduces a higher level of efficiency in language learning. Efficiency is essential because it creates intensity. It takes a high degree of intensity to transform yourself into a fluent speaker of another language.
There is also another reason why efficiency is important. You have a right to a decent return on your investment of time and money in language learning. If you want to learn English, efficiency is important, yet it is often ignored in traditional language teaching.
"I spent over 14 months studying English in a school. It was a waste of money for Canadian government and a waste of time for me." Humberto Soto, a recent immigrant to Canada.
Traditional classroom methods are not as efficient as the Internet. It is difficult to cater to learners of different levels and interests. Stress and boredom are often the results. Many people are discouraged by their school experience, and end up convinced that they cannot learn to be fluent in a new language. They lose interest and give up.
For people who want to learn English, the Internet opens up a new world of efficient and satisfying language learning. The Internet makes possible a quality and variety of input that far exceeds the resources of a traditional classroom. Learning methodologies and communication opportunities are available to you on the Internet that the classroom cannot match. Goals can be set and achievements measured. The result is a highly integrated and enjoyable learning environment.
This new method of learning appeals to all ages. While youngsters and students are the most avid users of the Internet, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation 70% of Americans between the ages of 55 and 64 use the Internet! Similar trends are being seen in Europe and Asia.
A Learning Community, The Linguist
The Linguist is both a learning methodology and a community. It is the first language learning system developed specifically to take advantage of the possibilities offered by the Internet. It was initially developed to help people learn English. It is now being revised and expanded in order to offer other major world languages. In the future, The Linguist model has many applications for life-long education.
The explosion of new media and learning technologies via the Internet will change forever the way people learn. The Linguist system will influence how many subjects are taught. It will make it possible for people all over the world to share their knowledge, expertise and learn from each other, in many languages. Learning English is just one of many lessons we can learn on the Internet. Another one of them is to learn how to learn.
http://www.easyarticles.com/article.php?action=fullnews&showcomments=1&id=11399
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